中低渗透储集层压驱提高采收率机理  

The mechanism of hydraulic fracturing assisted oil displacement to enhance oil recovery in low and medium permeability reservoirs

作　　者：刘义坤[1] 王凤娇[1,2] 汪玉梅 李斌会[4] 张栋[1,2] 杨光[3] 支继强 孙硕[1] 王旭 邓庆军 徐贺 LIU Yikun;WANG Fengjiao;WANG Yumei;LI Binhui;ZHANG Dong;YANG Guang;ZHI Jiqiang;SUN Shuo;WANG Xu;DENG Qingjun;XU He(Laboratory of Enhanced Oil Recovery of Education Ministry,Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing 163318,China;Postdoctoral Res Ctr,Daqing Oilfield Company Limited,Daqing 163453,China;Downhole Services Company of Daqing Oilfield Company Limited,Daqing 163453,China;Exploration and Development Research Institute of Daqing Oilfield Company Limited,Daqing 163712,China;The NO.1 Production Plant of Daqing Oilfield Company Limited,Daqing 163712,China)

机构地区：[1]东北石油大学提高油气采收率教育部重点实验室,黑龙江大庆163318 [2]大庆石油管理局博士后工作站,黑龙江大庆163453 [3]大庆油田有限责任公司井下作业分公司,黑龙江大庆163453 [4]大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院,黑龙江大庆163712 [5]大庆油田有限责任公司第一采油厂,黑龙江大庆163712

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》2022年第4期752-759,共8页Petroleum Exploration and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“压裂-渗流-驱油方法多场耦合渗流机理研究”(52074087);国家自然科学基金“压裂方法封堵聚驱后优势通道的渗流机理研究”(51804076);中国博士后自然科学基金“基于溶质运移的压裂-渗流-驱油方法多场耦合渗流机理研究”(2021M690528)

摘　　要：针对压裂、渗流、驱油相结合的压驱技术研究需求,研发了压驱储能及反向压驱回注实验系统,模拟了压驱过程中压驱剂的渗流-储能-洗油-返排作用机理。研究表明:压驱技术将压驱剂直接输送至中低渗透储集层深部,可有效避免压驱剂在近井地带的黏度损失与黏附滞留,具有扩大波及体积、提高洗油效率、补充地层能量并将零散分布的剩余油汇集采出的效果。渗透率较高的储集层,压驱见效快,为降低成本,可直接采用高压注水压驱。渗透率较低的储集层吸水困难,采用表面活性剂压驱可有效降低储集层渗流阻力,提高储集层吸水能力与开发效果。地层能量亏空程度是影响压驱剂有效波及范围的主要因素,地层能量亏空越大,化学剂渗流距离越远,有效波及体积越大,采收率提高幅度越大;地层增能作用对提高采收率的贡献最大,是压驱技术提高采收率的关键。Aiming at the technology of hydraulic fracturing assisted oil displacement which combines hydraulic fracturing,seepage and oil displacement,an experimental system of energy storage and flowback in fracturing assisted oil displacement process has been developed and used to simulate the mechanism of percolation,energy storage,oil displacement and flowback of chemical agents in the whole process.The research shows that in hydraulic fracturing assisted oil displacement,the chemical agent could be directly pushed to the deeper area of the low and medium permeability reservoirs,avoiding the viscosity loss and adhesion retention of chemical agents near the pay zone;in addition,this technology could effectively enlarge the swept volume,improve the oil displacement efficiency,replenish formation energy,gather and exploit the scattered residual oil.For the reservoir with higher permeability,this measure takes effect fast,so to lower cost,and the high pressure hydraulic fracturing assisted oil displacement could be adopted directly.For the reservoir with lower permeability which is difficult to absorb water,hydraulic fracturing assisted oil displacement with surfactant should be adopted to reduce flow resistance of the reservoir and improve the water absorption capacity and development effect of the reservoir.The degree of formation energy deficit was the main factor affecting the effective swept range of chemical agents.Moreover,the larger the formation energy deficit was,the further the seepage distance of chemical agents was,accordingly,the larger the effective swept volume was,and the greater the increase of oil recovery was.Formation energy enhancement was the most important contribution to enhanced oil recovery(EOR),which was the key to EOR by the technology of hydraulic fracturing assisted oil displacement.

关 键 词：水力压裂 化学驱 地层增能 剩余油分布 驱油机理 提高采收率 

分 类 号：TE341[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]