Seasonal coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2:effects of preexisting immunity during the COVID-19 pandemic  

作　　者：Gang WANG Ze XIANG Wei WANG Zhi CHEN 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases,National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosisand Treatmentof Infectious Diseases,The First Affiliated Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310003,China [2]Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Hangzhou 310003,China [3]Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases,Wuxi214064,China

出　　处：《Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)》2022年第6期451-460,共10页浙江大学学报（英文版）B辑（生物医学与生物技术）

基　　金：the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(No.2018ZX10302206-003);the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LY16H160057);the Health Commission of Zhejiang Province(No.2016KYA162);the Zhejiang Provincial Science and Technology Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China(No.2015ZA026)。

摘　　要：Although the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)epidemic is still ongoing,vaccination rates are rising slowly and related treatments and drugs are being developed.At the same time,there is increasing evidence of preexisting immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)in humans,mainly consisting of preexisting antibodies and immune cells(including T cells and B cells).The presence of these antibodies is mainly due to the seasonal prevalence of four common coronavirus types,especially OC43 and HKU1.The accumulated relevant evidence has suggested that the target of antibodies is mainly the S2 subunit of S protein,followed by evolutionary conservative regions such as the nucleocapsid(N)protein.Additionally,preexisting memory T and B cells are also present in the population.Preexisting antibodies can help the body protect against SARS-CoV-2 infection,reduce the severity of COVID-19,and rapidly increase the immune response post-infection.These multiple effects can directly affect disease progression and even the likelihood of death in certain individuals.Besides the positive effects,preexisting immunity may also have negative consequences,such as antibody-dependent enhancement(ADE)and original antigenic sin(OAS),the prevalence of which needs to be further established.In the future,more research should be focused on evaluating the role of preexisting immunity in COVID-19 outcomes,adopting appropriate policies and strategies for fighting the pandemic,and vaccine development that considers preexisting immunity.

关 键 词：Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) Preexisting immunity Seasonal coronaviruses Vaccine 

分 类 号：R392[医药卫生—免疫学]