《电子商务法》中竞争条款设置的正当性及其制度优化  

The Legitimacy of Competition Provision in the Electronic Commerce Law and Its Institutional Optimization

作　　者：龙俊 LONG Jun(Law School, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学法学院,福建福州350117

出　　处：《大连理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第4期72-82,共11页Journal of Dalian University of Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：研究阐释党的十九届五中全会精神国家社会科学基金重大项目“在法治轨道上促进平台经济、共享经济健康发展研究”(21ZDA025)。

摘　　要：《电子商务法》中的竞争条款旨在为规制电子商务领域具有常发性和典型性的竞争失范行为提供规则指引,但相关制度设计能否有效衔接传统竞争法的规则体系则面临学界质疑。对此,应当从外生的制度价值与内生的法理基础两个层面进行思考:从现有的制度安排来看,不论是“补充规制”还是“独立规制”,《电子商务法》中的竞争条款均有其独特的价值功能,相关规则本身并不存在破坏反不正当竞争法和反垄断法规则体系的风险;从内生的法理基础来看,《电子商务法》是“问题导向式”立法的产物,其不可避免地具有法际整合的外部特征以及实用主义的内部属性,因此相关竞争条款对传统竞争法体系的“规则入侵”亦在所难免。虽然现行《电子商务法》中竞争条款的设置具有前述正当化事由,但是第22条、第35条等竞争规则本身仍然存在不周延、不完备等缺陷,故仍须依靠今后的立法技术从自身规则、相邻规则以及配套规则3个方面进一步细化和完善。The competition provisions in the E-commerce Law are intended to provide guidance for regulating the frequent and typical competitive anomies in the field of e-commerce.However,that the relevant system designed can effectively connect with the rule system of the traditional competition law is questioned.This issue should be examined from two aspects,exogenous institutional value and endogenous legal basis.Judging from the existing institutional arrangements,be it“supplementary regulations”or“independent regulation”,the competition provisions in the E-commerce Law have a unique value function,and the rules,on their own,do not run the risk of destroying the rules system of the anti-unfair competition law and the antitrust law.From the perspective of endogenous legal basis,the E-commerce Law is the product of“problem-oriented”legislation,which inevitably has the external characteristics of inter-legal integration and the internal attributes of pragmatism,so the“rule invasion”of relevant competition provisions of the traditional competition law system is inevitable.Although the competition provisions in the current E-commerce Law can be justified as mentioned above,the competition rules,take for example,Article 22 and Article 35,still have such defects as being incomprehensive and incomplete,so it is still necessary to make use of the future legislative procedures to further refine and improve the rules by examining the rules themselves,their adjacent rules and supporting rules.

关 键 词：电子商务法 竞争条款 领域法学 相对优势地位 正当性 

分 类 号：D922.294[政治法律—经济法学]