中国北方草地生产力研究进展  

Advances in research on grassland productivity in Northern China

作　　者：王鹤琪 范高华 黄迎新[1] 周道玮[1] WANG Heqi;FAN Gaohua;HUANG Yingxin;ZHOU Daowei(Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming,Changchu 130102,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林省草地畜牧重点实验室,长春130102 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院植物研究所,北京100093

出　　处：《生态科学》2022年第5期219-229,共11页Ecological Science

基　　金：中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项“美丽中国”项目六课题四“东北农牧交错带生态功能提升与绿色发展示范”(XDA23060405);黑土地保护与利用科技创新工程专项资助(XDA28110201);吉林省科技发展计划“吉林省西部重度盐碱化草地恢复方法研究与示范”(20190303066SF)。

摘　　要：中国的北方草地资源十分丰富,研究影响草地生产力变化的因素对于合理利用草地资源具有重要的意义。文章系统综述了环境因素、生物因素以及人为管理因素等对中国北方草地生产力变化的影响。通过对近年来北方草地生产力变化的分析表明,环境因素是影响草地生产力变化的主要因素,生物因素亦会对草地生产力造成影响。放牧、刈割、施肥、草原开垦等人为因素会对草地生产力产生巨大的影响,并且通过有计划火烧、灌溉、围栏封育及混播等措施能潜在的提高草地生产力。The grassland resources in Northern China are very rich,and it is important to study the factors affecting the changes of grassland productivity.This paper systematically summarizes the effects of environmental factors,biological factors and human management factors on the changes of grassland productivity in northern China.The analysis of the change of grassland productivity in Northern China in recent years shows that environmental factors mainly affect the changes of grassland productivity,and biological factors also affect grassland productivity.Human factors such as grazing,mowing,fertilization and grassland reclamation have a great impact on grassland productivity,and the planned measures such as burning,irrigation,fencing and mixed-planting can potentially improve grassland productivity.

关 键 词：中国北方草地 生物量 增温 围栏封育 火烧 

分 类 号：S812.8[农业科学—草业科学]