活性硅缓解植物重金属胁迫及其生物学机制研究进展  

Research progress on biological mechanism of active silicon alleviating heavy metal stress in plants

作　　者：林翰志 陈涛[2] 蒋少军 周洋 黄祖率 肖贤明[1] 徐文彬 晏波 LIN Hanzhi;CHEN Tao;JIANG Shaojun;ZHOU Yang;HUANG Zulv;XIAO Xianming;XU Wenbin;YAN Bo(State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry,Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China;College of Environment,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510006,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100082,China;Dongjiang Environmental Company Limited,Shenzhen 518057,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所,有机地球化学国家重点实验室,广州510640 [2]华南师范大学环境学院,广州510006 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]东江环保股份有限公司,深圳518057

出　　处：《生态科学》2022年第5期243-251,共9页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1802803);NSFC-广东省联合基金(U1901218)。

摘　　要：土壤重金属污染可抑制植物的正常生长并增加其在食物链传播的风险。硅是重要的植物营养元素,可通过多种途径调节植物生理、生化和代谢功能,在缓解植物的重金属胁迫及促进植物生长方面发挥重要作用。论文从活性硅促进组织结构发育、调节基因表达、增强抗氧化防御系统及建立重金属内部隔离等方面进行分析,阐述活性硅缓解植物重金属胁迫的生物学机制。建议针对硅材料的施加方式、自然条件下硅缓解复合重金属污染胁迫机制、硅材料在土壤中的老化机理等方面,系统开展长期田间实验,以阐明活性硅缓解植物重金属胁迫作用机制并应用于农田土壤重金属修复。Heavy metal pollution in soil can inhibit the normal growth of plants and increase the risk of their transmission in the food chain.Silicon is an important plant nutrient element,which can regulate plant physiological,biochemical and metabolic functions in various ways.And it plays an important role in alleviating heavy metal stress and promoting plant growth.This paper expounds the biological mechanism of active silicon in alleviating heavy metal stress in plants from the following aspects:promoting tissue structure development,regulating gene expression,strengthening antioxidant defense system,establishing internal isolation of heavy metals and so on.In order to clarify the mechanism of active silicon in alleviating heavy metal stress in plants and applied to heavy metal remediation in farmland soil.It is suggested that long-term field experiments should be carried out systematically in the aspects of application mode of silicon material,the mechanism of silicon alleviating compound heavy metal pollution stress under natural conditions,and the aging mechanism of silicon materials in soil.

关 键 词：硅 植物 重金属胁迫 缓解机制 土壤 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]