不同改良材料对滨海盐碱土盐分淋溶特征的影响  

Effects of different materials on leaching characteristics of salinity in coastal saline-alkali soil

作　　者：周文志 李素艳 孙向阳 李啸冲 查贵超 魏宁娴 ZHOU Wenzhi;LI Suyan;SUN Xiangyang;LI Xiaochong;ZHA Guichao;WEI Ningxian(Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education,College of Forestry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林学院,森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2022年第7期1485-1492,共8页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：北京林业大学校级项目(450-171901004)。

摘　　要：通过室内土柱模拟试验,研究添加木醋液(稀释400倍,用量200 mL)、粉煤灰(10%土壤体积分数)和园林废弃物堆肥(4%土壤质量分数)对盐碱化土壤盐分淋溶的影响,分析土壤淋溶液和淋溶后土壤的电导率(EC)值、pH值,及水溶性离子(K^(+)、Na^(+)、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)、Cl^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)、CO_(3)^(2-)、HCO_(3)^(-))的变化特征。结果显示:以淋溶液EC值低于2 mS·cm^(-1)为标准,相比对照(CK),添加木醋液、粉煤灰、园林废弃物堆肥分别可使淋溶时间缩短6、12、2 d,加速水溶性离子的淋溶。添加粉煤灰淋溶后,土壤pH值、EC值均较CK显著(P<0.05)降低;添加木醋液、园林废弃物堆肥淋溶后,土壤pH值较CK显著(P<0.05)降低,而土壤EC值显著(P<0.05)升高。综合考虑,试验条件下,以添加粉煤灰对促进盐分离子淋溶的效果最好。In the present study,the effect of addition of wood vinegar(diluted 400 time,200 mL),fly ash(soil volume fraction of 10%)and garden waste compost(soil mass fraction of 4%)on leaching characteristics of salinity in coastal saline-alkali soil were examined via soil column experiment.The changes of electrical conductivity(EC),pH and water-soluble ions(K^(+),Na^(+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),Cl^(-),SO_(4)^(2-),CO_(3)^(2-),HCO_(3)^(-))in the leaching solution and soil after leaching were determined.It was shown that,compared with CK,addition of wood vinegar,fly ash and garden waste compost could increase the leaching of water-soluble ions and reduce the time consumption by 6,12,2 d,respectively,when the EC of leaching solution was reduced to 2 mS·cm^(-1)and below.With addition of fly ash,the soil pH and EC in soil were significantly(P<0.05)decreased after leaching.However,with addition of wood vinegar or garden waste compost,the soil pH was significantly(P<0.05)decreased,yet soil EC was significantly(P<0.05)increased after leaching.Therefore,under the experiment conditions,addition of fly ash showed the best promotion effect on salinity leaching.

关 键 词：粉煤灰 园林废弃物堆肥 木醋液 滨海盐碱土 土柱淋溶 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]