四川南莫且湿地国家级自然保护区的鸟类多样性  

Bird Diversity in the Nanmoqie Wetland National Nature Reserve,Sichuan

作　　者：甘立涛 何兴成 冉江洪[1,2] 周园源 苟安颖 GAN Litao;HE Xingcheng;RAN Jianghong;ZHOU Yuanyuan;GOU Anying(Key Laboratory of Bio Resources and Eco Environment of Ministry of Education,College of Life Sciences,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife,College of Life Sciences,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;Sichuan Nanmoqie Plateau Wetland Nature Reserve Administrative Office,Rangtang,Sichuan Province 624300,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学生命科学学院,生物资源与生态环境教育部重点实验室,成都610065 [2]四川大学生命科学学院,四川省濒危野生动物保护重点实验室,成都610065 [3]四川南莫且高原湿地自然保护区管理处,四川壤塘624300

出　　处：《四川动物》2022年第4期454-460,共7页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察自然保护地珍稀鸟类现状科考(2019QZKK04020203);四川南莫且高原湿地自然保护区管理处项目(5132302019000066)。

摘　　要：为了解四川南莫且湿地国家级自然保护区的鸟类多样性和湿地水鸟状况,2019年8月-2021年4月采用样线法和样点法对保护区的鸟类资源进行了10次野外调查,结合历史资料统计出鸟类18目46科176种,其中,国家一级重点保护野生鸟类9种,国家二级重点保护野生鸟类24种。居留类型以留鸟(102种,57.95%)和夏候鸟(51种,28.98%)为主;区系组成以古北界种类占优。草甸的物种丰富度和多度最高,灌丛及灌草丛的多样性指数最高;丰富度夏季最高,冬季最低。湿地水鸟的物种丰富度和多度都较少,仅有28种,调查到20种,以赤麻鸭Tadorna ferruginea、普通秋沙鸭Mergellus merganser和红脚鹬Tringa totanus较为常见,不同湿地生境的鸟类物种丰富度差异不大。本研究丰富了区域鸟类的基础信息,为保护区鸟类多样性的保护和管理提供了科学依据。In order to learn about the bird diversity and the status of wetland waterbirds in the Nanmoqie Wetland National Nature Reserve(Sichuan Province),10 field surveys were conducted on bird resources using the line-transect and point-counting methods in the reserve from August 2019 to April 2021. Combined with the historical data,a total of 176 bird species from 46 families and 18 orders were recorded,and 9 species were under class Ⅰ national protection and 24 under class Ⅱ. Residents(102 species,57. 95%)and summer visitors(51 species,28. 98%)accounted for the most part of all species,and the avifauna composition was dominated by the Palearctic Realm species. The highest species richness and abundance were found in the meadow habitat. Shrubs and shrub-grassland habitat had the highest diversity index.The highest bird richness was detected in summer,while the lowest was detected in winter. Both species richness and abundance of waterbird were low,with only 28 species recorded,and 20 of them including ruddy shelduck(Tadorna ferruginea),common merganser(Mergellus merganser),common redshank(Tringa totanus)and etc. were observed during the survey. Moreover,little difference of bird species richness was detected among different wetland habitats. This study enriches the basic information of regional birds and provides a scientific basis for the protection and management of bird diversity in the reserve.

关 键 词：南莫且湿地国家级自然保护区 鸟类 湿地 

分 类 号：Q959.7[生物学—动物学]