油脂对皮碗工作性能影响研究  

Study of Influence of Grease on Rubber Cup

作　　者：覃立伟 刁有彬 徐少亭 QIN Liwei;DIAO Youbin;XU Shaoting(CRRC Qingdao Sifang Rolling Stock Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266112,China)

机构地区：[1]中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司,山东青岛266112

出　　处：《智慧轨道交通》2022年第2期67-71,共5页SMART RAIL TRANSIT

摘　　要：本文介绍了制动缸的密封原理、密封件的结构形式、密封件性能评价指标,重点研究了油脂对制动缸橡胶皮碗性能的影响。通过吸油率测试以及皮碗滑动阻力测试,对比分析发现橡胶吸油率与皮碗滑动阻力呈正相关。吸油率增大导致皮碗滑动阻力变大的原因有两方面:一是油脂被吸收后皮碗与缸壁之间为干摩擦,摩擦系数变大;二是皮碗吸油后体积膨胀,皮碗和缸壁之间的过盈量增大,导致皮碗和缸壁之间的滑动阻力增大。当皮碗饱和吸油率达到10%以上时,会影响制动缸的正常制动、缓解动作。结合皮碗的实际工况,建议皮碗所用橡胶的饱和吸油率控制在-2%~+5%之间。This paper introduces the sealing principle of brake cylinder,the structural form of seal and the performance evaluation index of seal,and focuses on the influence of grease on the performance of brake cylinder rubber cup.Through the oil absorption rate test and the rubber cup sliding resistance test,it is found that the rubber oil absorption rate is positively correlated with the rubber cup sliding resistance.There are two reasons why the increase of absorption rate causes the sliding resistance of rubber cup to become larger:on one hand,after the oil is absorbed,there is dry friction between the cup and the cylinder wall,hence the friction coefficient becomes larger;on the other hand,the volume of the cup expands after oil absorption,and the interference between the cup and the cylinder wall increases,resulting in the increase of sliding resistance between the cup and the cylinder wall.When the saturated oil absorption rate of the cup reaches more than 10%,it will affect the normal braking and release action of the brake cylinder.Combined with the actual working conditions of the cup,it is recommended that the saturated oil absorption rate of the rubber used for the cup should be controlled between-2%and+5%.

关 键 词：皮碗 油脂 橡胶吸油率 制动缸 轨道交通 

分 类 号：U270.35[机械工程—车辆工程]