The development and evaluation of a nurse anaesthesia model for practice in South Africa  

南非麻醉护士成长模式的建立与评估

作　　者：JD Holtzhausen Charlene Downing Marie Poggenpoel Gugu Ndawo 

机构地区：[1]School of Nursing,University of Johannesburg,Doornfontein Campus,Johannesburg,South Africa

出　　处：《International Journal of Nursing Sciences》2022年第3期334-342,共9页国际护理科学（英文）

摘　　要：Objective This article aimed to present a developed model for nurse anaesthesia practice in South Africa and then to evaluate the model by national and international anaesthetist experts.Methods For the model development,a theory-generative research design was used as guided by Chinn&Kramer.The study included four steps to develop and evaluate the model:step one,concept analysis;step two,placing the concepts into relationships;step three,description and critical reflection of the model;step four,evaluation of the model.For evaluation of the model,data were collected using individual,in-depth interviews.Four South African medical specialist anaesthesiologists and four international nurse anaesthetists were interviewed.Transcribed interviews were analyzed using Tesch’s eight steps of thematic data analysis.Results The model was described in four phases:relationship phase,working phase,termination phase,and independent phase.The model shows a development process of a student nurse anaesthetist by a nurse anaesthetist facilitator to the mastery of the scope of practice of a nurse anaesthetist.Two themes(six categories)emerged through thematic analysis:the model and guidelines for implementation were found to be appropriate(model and guidelines for implementation are important because of the need for nurse anaesthetist,the model is applicable because it is described as comprehensive,the relationship phase was found to be important and the interdependence between disciplines is imperative,the affirmation that mastery has to be attained by nurse anaesthetists due to the complexity of services rendered),anticipated limitations to the South African nurse anaesthetist(the need to identify complex patients and limitations on the setting and refer to higher level of care,limitations due to red tape).Conclusions This model provides fertile soil to inform and outline the education(curriculum)and practice(scope of practice)and research for nurse anaesthesia practice in South Africa.目的研究旨在描述南非麻醉护士实践模式的建立,并由国内和国际麻醉学专家对该模式进行评估。方法基于Chinn&Kramer的方法建立南非麻醉护士实践模式。研究分为4个步骤:概念分析,阐明概念的关联,模式的描述,模式的评估。在模式评估步骤,通过个人深度访谈收集资料。采用目的性滚雪球抽样法选取访谈对象,4名南非麻醉医学专家和4名国际麻醉护士参与此项研究。采用Tesch主题资料分析法的8个步骤对转录的访谈内容进行分析。结果模式分为建立关系、工作、终止和独立4个阶段。该模式显示了麻醉护理专业学生在麻醉护士指导老师的帮助下掌握麻醉护士实践范畴的成长过程。在模式评估中,通过访谈共提炼出2个主题(6个类别)。主题一:实施的模式和准则是合适的(由于对麻醉护士的需求,建立实施模式和指南很重要;模式的描述较为全面且适用;建立关系阶段很重要且不同学科之间的相互依存关系是必要的;由于麻醉服务的复杂性,麻醉护士必须要达到精通技能的水平)。主题二:南非引入麻醉护士已预见的限制(需要识别患者的复杂情况和执业场所的限制,以及是否需转诊使患者获得更高级别治疗;监管方面的繁琐程序造成的限制)。结论该模式的建立为南非麻醉护士的教育(课程)和实践(实践范围)以及研究奠定了基础。

关 键 词：Nurse Anesthetists OCCUPATION Practice model South Africa 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]