Health beliefs toward lung cancer screening among Chinese American high-risk smokers:Interviews based on Health Belief Model  

在美华裔吸烟者关于肺癌筛查健康信念的质性研究

作　　者：Fang Lei Wei-Ti Chen Mary-Lynn Brecht Zuo-Feng Zhang Eunice Lee 

机构地区：[1]School of Nursing,University of Minnesota,Twin Cities,Minneapolis,MN,United States [2]School of Nursing,University of California at Los Angeles,Los Angeles,CA,United States [3]Fielding School of Public Health,University of California at Los Angeles,Los Angeles,CA,United States

出　　处：《International Journal of Nursing Sciences》2022年第3期378-388,共11页国际护理科学（英文）

基　　金：This study was supported by American Cancer Society,Sigma Theta Tau,and China Scholarship Council.Reimbursement for participants’participation was supported by the funding.

摘　　要：Objective This study aims to explore health beliefs toward lung cancer screening with low dose computed tomography among Chinese American high-risk smokers.Methods Guided by the Health Belief Model,semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with Chinese American high-risk smokers via phone.Additional questionnaires on demographic information,history of smoking and lung cancer screening were collected via email or phone before the interview,depending on participants’preference.Content analysis was used to extract meaningful and significant themes in the dataset.Constant comparison analysis and process coding were used to categorize and code data.Results Data saturation was reached after interviewing 12 participants.Chinese American high-risk smokers perceived a low susceptibility to lung cancer,since they believed various protective factors of lung cancer(e.g.,doing exercise,healthy diet,etc.)reduced their risk of getting lung cancer.All the participants perceived a high severity of lung cancer.They acknowledged lung cancer would have a huge impact on their life.Perceived benefits of lung cancer screening were accurate in most aspects although minor confusions were still noticed among this population.Perceived barriers varied on participants’,physicians’,and institutional levels.High-risk Chinese American smokers had little confidence to screening for lung cancer.Cues to action for them to screening for lung cancer included recommendations from health care providers,support from family members and friends,and information shared on Chinese-based social media.Conclusions Misconceptions and barriers to screening for lung cancer existed widely among Chinese American high-risk smokers.Intervention programs and targeted health education should be implemented to promote lung cancer screening among this population.目的本研究旨在探讨在美华裔高危吸烟者对低剂量CT肺癌筛查的健康信念。方法以健康信念模型为指导,通过电话对在美华裔高危吸烟者进行半结构式个人访谈。根据参与者的偏好,在访谈前通过电子邮件或电话收集有关个人信息、吸烟史和肺癌筛查的调查问卷。采用内容分析法从资料中提取和归纳有意义的主题,采用持续比较分析和过程编码对数据进行分类和编码。结果对12名研究参与者进行访谈后达到资料饱和。在美华裔高危吸烟者对自身肺癌易感性的感知度较低,因为他们认为锻炼、健康饮食等因素会降低他们患肺癌的风险。所有研究参与者对肺癌的严重度感知度较高。他们承认罹患肺癌会对他们的生活产生巨大影响。在美华裔高危吸烟者对肺癌筛查益处的感知在大多数方面是准确的,但仍存在轻度困惑。感知障碍在参与者、医生和机构层面上有所不同。在美华裔高风险吸烟者对肺癌筛查信念不足,促发他们进行肺癌筛查的因素包括卫生保健工作者的建议、家人和朋友的支持以及在中文社交媒体上分享的信息。结论在美华裔高危吸烟者对肺癌筛查广泛存在误解和行动障碍。应实施针对性的健康教育和干预项目,以促进这一人群的肺癌筛查行为。

关 键 词：Asian Americans Early detection of cancer Health belief model Lung neoplasms SMOKERS 

分 类 号：R473.73[医药卫生—护理学]