沉水植物生态化学计量学特征的区域差异以及生态修复的影响  

Regional differences and the effects of ecological restoration on stoichiometric characteristics of submerged macrophytes

作　　者：赵钰 殷春雨 高弋明 陈新芳[3] 关保华[1,2] 李宽意 ZHAO Yu;YIN Chunyu;GAO Yiming;CHEN Xinfang;GUAN Baohua;LI Kuanyi(State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Hydrology and Water Resources College,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,南京210008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]河海大学水文水资源学院,南京210098

出　　处：《生态科学》2022年第4期16-24,共9页Ecological Science

基　　金：浙江省‘尖兵’‘领雁’研发攻关计划(2022C02038);国家自然科学基金(32171534)。

摘　　要：为深入了解沉水植物生态化学计量学特征在西南高原地区和长江中下游平原地区湖泊中的差异,以及生态修复的影响,于2010年—2016年的夏季(6—9月)调查了36个湖泊的沉水植物。结果表明:(1)高原湖泊沉水植物群落的碳(C)含量显著高于平原湖泊,氮(N)含量显著低于平原湖泊,磷(P)含量高于平原湖泊但差异不显著;高原湖泊沉水植物群落的C/N和C/P的比值显著高于平原湖泊,N/P显著低于平原湖泊;在平原湖泊和高原湖泊共有的金鱼藻、苦草、穗花狐尾藻、微齿眼子菜和伊乐藻中,仅有伊乐藻的N含量和金鱼藻的P含量与群落的差异性不一致。(2)在长江中下游平原地区生态修复后的水域中,沉水植物群落的C和P含量显著高于未修复区,N含量低于未修复区但差异不显著;修复区沉水植物群落的C/P和N/P显著低于未修复区,C/N显著高于未修复区;修复区和未修复区共有的金鱼藻、苦草、穗花狐尾藻和竹叶眼子菜的C和P含量都跟群落的差异性一致。以上结果说明,在清澈的水体中,沉水植物的C和P含量高而N含量低;湖泊富营养化会导致沉水植物N含量升高。因此,在湖泊生态修复过程中,应注重提高水体的透明度,这将会提高沉水植物中C和P的含量,从而有利于促进沉水植被区成为湖泊的C和P库。Submerged macrophytes were surveyed in 36 lakes from June to September during 2010-2016 across the southwest plateau and the east plain of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.The study aimed to determine the ecological stoichiometric characteristics of submerged macrophytes between the plateau and plain lakes and to know the impact of restoration on eco-stoichiometric characteristics of submerged macrophytes in plain lakes.The results showed that the carbon(C)content of submerged macrophytes community in plateau lakes was significantly higher than in plain lakes but the nitrogen(N)content was significantly lower than in plain lakes.The phosphorus(P)content was higher in plateau lakes than in plain lakes,but not significant.The C/N and C/P in submerged macrophytes communities were significantly higher in plateau lakes than in plain lakes,while the N/P was the opposite.Among the five submerged macrophytes that emerged in the two regions(Ceratophyllum demersum,Vallisneria natans,Myriophyllum spicatum,Potamogeton maackianus and Elodea canadensis),only the N content of the E.canadensis and the P content of the C.demersum were not consistent with the trend of submerged macrophytes community.In the plain lakes,the C and P contents of submerged macrophytes of restored lakes were significantly higher than unrestored lakes.The C/P and N/P in restored lakes were significantly lower than that in the unrestored lakes,while the C/N was the opposite.Among the four submerged macrophytes that emerged in both restored and unrestored lakes,the trends in C and P contents were consistent with the submerged macrophytes community.The above results implied that submerged macrophytes had high C and P contents but low N content in clear-water lakes.Eutrophication might lead to high N content in macrophytes.Therefore,improving the transparency in the lake restoration is beneficial to turn submerged macrophytes region into the reservoirs of C and P for lakes.

关 键 词：沉水植物 生态化学计量学特征 区域差异 湖泊 生态修复 

分 类 号：Q178.1[生物学—水生生物学]