厚游仆虫(Euplotes crassus)对有毒赤潮藻的清除效应研究  

The effect of Euplotes crassus on the removal of toxic red tide algae

作　　者：闫昊 林玉雲 王路 YAN Hao;LIN Yuyun;WANG Lu(Oceanography Institute of Minjiang University,Fuzhou 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]闽江学院地理与海洋学院,福州350108

出　　处：《生态科学》2022年第4期84-91,共8页Ecological Science

基　　金：福建省中青年教师教育科研项目(JT180386);中国大洋协会“深海生物资源计划”项目“深海大洋原生生物种质资源库构建及应用潜力评价”(DY135-B2-13);自然资源部东南生态脆弱区监测修复工程技术创新中心自主研究课题(KY-090000-04-2021-002)。

摘　　要：原生动物是水生食物网中主要的植食性生物,在自然水体中能够有效控制浮游植物的生物量,具有预防及延缓赤潮发生的潜在应用价值。在福建沿岸分离筛选出一种常见的原生动物—厚游仆虫(Euplotes crassus),通过研究其对三种常见有毒赤潮藻类的毒素耐受性、抑藻率及自身在赤潮压力下的生长速率,评测厚游仆虫对常见有毒赤潮藻类的抑制作用,挖掘其作为控藻生物的应用潜力。将厚游仆虫分别接种于不同浓度的剧毒卡尔藻(Karlodinium veneficum)、赤潮异弯藻(Heterosigma akashiwo)及米氏凯伦藻(Karenia mikimotoi)中,在温度20℃、光照度100μmol·M^(–2)·s^(–1)和光暗比12 h:12 h的条件下进行共培养。结果显示,厚游仆虫对剧毒卡尔藻和赤潮异弯藻具有明显的抑制作用,持续抑藻时间可达72 h以上,且未见藻细胞数量的明显反弹,而对于米氏凯伦藻则没有明显的抑制能力。说明厚游仆虫在一定条件下可作为一种有效可行的控藻生物,但其对赤潮藻类的抑制作用具有一定的种类特异性。结果证明,在赤潮形成初期厚游仆虫对赤潮藻类的摄食压力可能有助于抑制或延缓剧毒卡尔藻及赤潮异弯藻赤潮的发生与发展,其在赤潮治理中的实际应用还需结合野外水体做进一步研究。Protozoa are considered as major herbivores in marine food webs,which can effectively control the biomass of phytoplankton and have the potential application for controlling harmful algal blooms.A common protozoan,Euplotes crassus,was collected from the coast of Fujian province.The toxin tolerance,growth rate and the algal inhibition of E.crassus to three toxic harmful algae were studied.We evaluated the inhibitory effect of E.crassus on common harmful algae and explored its possibility as an algae control organism.In short-term experiments,E.crassus was incubated with Karlodinium veneficum,Heterosigma akashiwo and Karenia mikimotoi at different concentrations,under 25℃,illumination of 100μmol·M^(–2)·s^(–1) and light dark ratio of 12 h:12 h.The results showed that E.crassus had a significant inhibitory effect on K.veneficum and H.akashiwo.The duration of the growth inhibition could exceed 72 hours,and there was no significant recovery in the number of algae cells.However,its inhibitory effect on Karenia mikimotoi was not obvious.The study results indicated that E.crassus can be an effective algae suppressor under certain conditions,but its inhibitory effect on harmful algae showed species specificity.The feeding pressure of the E.crassus may help to inhibit or delay the occurrence and development of harmful algae blooms,especially in the early stage of K.veneficum and H.akashiwa blooms.The practical application of red tide control by protozoa needs to be further studied in field water.

关 键 词：原生动物 厚游仆虫 有害赤潮 摄食 抑制 

分 类 号：P76[天文地球—海洋科学]