辽河干流河流化学完整性评价方法对比研究  

Comparison of river chemical integrity evaluation methods in Liaohe River Main Stream

作　　者：王迪 刘智[1] 刘冬冬 薛晨阳 高英美 周斌 曲波[4,5] WANG Di;LIU Zhi;LIU Dongdong;XUE Chenyang;GAO Yingmei;ZHOU Bin;QU Bo(Shenyang Academy of Environmental Science,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Urban Ecology,Shenyang 110161,China;Beijing Compass Technology Development Company,Beijing 100102,China;Liaoning Ecological meteorological and Satellite Remote Sensing Center,Shenyang 110866,China;College of Bio-science and Technology,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China;Liaoning Panjin Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station,Shenyang 110866,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳环境科学研究院,辽宁省城市生态重点实验室,沈阳110167 [2]北京指南针科技发展股份有限公司,北京100102 [3]辽宁省生态气象和卫星遥感中心,沈阳110866 [4]沈阳农业大学,生物科学技术学院,沈阳110866 [5]辽宁盘锦湿地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,沈阳110866

出　　处：《生态科学》2022年第4期129-141,共13页Ecological Science

基　　金：辽宁省科技厅农业攻关及产业化指导计划(2019JH8/10200017);国家自然科学基金(31901209);中国博士后科学基金(2018M641492);辽宁省自然科学基金(20180551024)。

摘　　要：基于河流水环境和河岸带生境状况进行河流化学完整性评价,可以全面综合的判断河流水体及河岸带化学污染情况,对有效控制水体污染,科学制定整治计划,恢复河流自身的环境承载力及生态系统功能以及对河流生态系统的修复都具有重要意义。以辽河干流为研究对象,探讨了化学完整性的概念、评价指标、评价标准及评价方法,从河流水环境和河岸栖息地环境两方面选取了19个指标,构建了河流化学完整性评价指标体系。同时采用模糊综合评价法、贴近度法和综合指数法分别对辽河干流化学完整性进行评价,最终筛选并确定综合指数法更适合河流化学完整性评价。综合指数法评价结果表明,辽河干流化学完整性评价结果总体表现为“一般”,河流水环境总体评价为“一般”,哈大高铁、达牛和盘山闸评价为“差”。其中哈大高铁和达牛地处交通节点,受人为干扰较大。另外盘山闸长期处于施工状态且靠近市区,施工废料与城市污水污染不断。评价结果为研究者及管理者开展辽河干流生态修复与后评估等工作提供指标与方法参考。Chemical integrity evaluation which based on water environment quality of river and riparian habitat status was considered as an effect method for assessing the water chemical pollution,controlling water pollution and making a restoration planning scientifically.It is meaningful for degraded river ecosystem to recover its ecological carrying capacity and ecological function.Liaohe River main stream was selected as the research area of chemical integrity evaluation study for exploring the concept,evaluation index,evaluation standard and evaluation method;the nineteen indices were selected from water environment quality and riparian habitat quality for establishing an evaluation index system.The comprehensive index method was the most suitable method for river chemical integrity evaluation than fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and Hamming osculating method.The result of comprehensive index method showed that the chemical integrity in Liaohe River main stream was"general".Hadagaotie,Daniu and Panshanzha were evaluated as"bad"in water environment,because they were located in the traffic node with lots of anthropogenic disturbances.In addition,Panshanzha was under construction for a long time and close to the urban area,so it was seriously affected by construction waste and urban sewage.The study results could be referred for researchers and managers to identify the chemical integrity status and carry out ecological restoration work.

关 键 词：辽河干流 化学完整性 评估方法筛选 河流水环境 河岸带生境状况 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学]