PET微塑料对污泥和厨余垃圾共消化的影响  

Effect of PET microplastics on performance of co⁃digestion of sewage sludges and food wastes

作　　者：郭雨文 曾蓓 高星 王攀[1] 任连海[1] GUO Yuwen;ZENG Bei;GAO Xing;WANG Pan;REN Lianhai(State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control,School of Ecology and Environment,Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工商大学生态环境学院,国家环境保护食品链污染防治重点实验室,北京100048

出　　处：《中国塑料》2022年第7期51-60,共10页China Plastics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“固废资源化”重点专项(2019YFC1906303);国家自然科学基金(42007350);北京市自然科学基金(8202010)。

摘　　要：探索了中温条件下不同粒径聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)微塑料(30μm和250μm)在0、0.45、1.44、2.88mg/g总固体(TS)的添加量下,对剩余污泥和厨余垃圾厌氧共消化过程中每日甲烷产量、累计甲烷产量、溶解性化学需氧量、氨氮、挥发性脂肪酸以及微生物群落结构的影响。结果表明,PET微塑料会抑制甲烷产量、增加氨抑制、酸抑制风险。在微塑料投加量为2.88 mg/g TS时,累计甲烷产量分别下降了54.49%(30μm)和49.58%(250μm)。微生物结果表明:添加微塑料后细菌的多样性增加,古菌的多样性降低。在共消化过程,微塑料抑制了产酸菌Prevotella、Proteiniphilum的丰度,同时也抑制了产甲烷菌Methanosaeta的丰度,减弱乙酸产甲烷的途径。相关性分析表明,微塑料的粒径与Euryarchaetota呈显著正相关(r=0.945、p<0.01)。微塑料粒径越小,对产甲烷菌丰度抑制越明显,与其他细菌相比,产甲烷菌对微塑料更为敏感。This study focused on the effects of polyethylene terephthalate(PET)microplastics with a particle size ranging from 30 to 250μm on the co‑digestion performance of sewage sludges and food wastes under the mesophilic conditions.The total solid levels were set to be 0,0.45,1.44 and 2.88 mg/g TS,and the daily methane production,cumulative methane production,soluable chemical oxigen demand,ammonia nitrogen,volatile fatty acids,and microbial communi‑ties in the anaerobic co‑digestion system were investigated.The results indicated that the PET microplastics inhibited the production of methane,and a higher microplastic concentration generated a more significant inhibition effect.The pres‑ence of the PET microplastics increased the risk of ammonia and acid inhibition.The cumulative methane yields de‑creased by 54.49%and 49.58%for the microplastics with particle sizes of 30 and 250μm,respectively,at a total solid level of 2.88 mg/g TS.The microplastics increased the bacterial diversity but decreased the archaeal diversity.During the co‑digestion process,the microplastics not only inhibited the abundances of the Prevotella,Proteiniphilum,and Methanosaeta but also weakened the pathway of acetic acid methanogenesis.A correlation analysis proved that the parti‑cle size of microplastics was positively correlated with Euryarchaetota(r=0.945,p<0.01).When the particle size of microplastics was smaller,the inhibition on the abundance of methanogens was more remarkable.Methanogens were more sensitive to the microplastics than other bacteria.

关 键 词：微塑料 厨余垃圾 剩余污泥 厌氧共消化 微生物群落结构 

分 类 号：TQ323.41[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]