人工修复下退化高寒草甸碳、氮、磷生态化学计量特征  

Eco-stoichiometric Characteristics of Carbon, Nitrogen,and Phosphorus in Degraded Alpine Meadowunder Artificial Restoration

作　　者：段成伟 李希来[1] 柴瑜 徐文印 苏乐乐 杨鑫光 马盼盼 DUAN Cheng-wei;LI Xi-lai;CHAI Yu;XU Wen-yin;SU Le-le;YANG Xin-guang;MA Pan-pan(College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;College of Eco-environment and Resources,Qinghai Nationalities University,Xining 810007,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016 [2]青海民族大学生态环境与资源学院,青海西宁810007

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2022年第7期23-32,共10页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：青海省科技厅项目(2020-ZJ-904);国家自然科学基金项目(31872999);三江源国家公园联合研究专项“三江源国家公园生态恢复及功能提升技术集成与示范(流域单元内退化高寒草地分布格局与黑土滩恢复治理技术研究)”(LHZX-2020-08);高等学校学科创新引智计划(D18013);青海省科技创新创业团队培养计划项目“三江源生态演变与管理创新团队”。

摘　　要：施有机肥和免耕补播作为有效恢复措施深刻影响着退化高寒草甸生态系统养分循环过程。采用生态化学计量学方法,调查了施有机肥和免耕补播处理土壤-植物-微生物碳、氮、磷及其生态化学计量特征对不同修复措施的适应性规律。结果表明,不同修复措施处理土壤碳氮磷比平均值为100.07∶6.53∶1,表现为明显的碳富集现象;不同修复措施处理植物地上和地下碳氮磷比平均值分别为71.77∶2.13∶1和128.25∶3.44∶1,表现为明显的碳、氮缺乏或磷富集现象;不同修复措施处理微生物生物量碳氮磷比平均值为27.54∶18.67∶1,表现出明显的碳缺失和氮富集现象。相关分析表明,土壤有机碳和全磷之间具有显著的负相关关系,植物全碳和全氮、微生物生物量碳和氮之间具有显著的或极显著的正相关关系;土壤有机碳与植物地上部分全碳呈显著正相关,土壤全磷与植物地上部分全碳、全氮及地下部分全磷均具有显著的或极显著的负相关关系,植物地上部分全碳与微生物生物量碳、氮呈极显著负相关和显著负相关。冗余分析结果揭示,土壤全磷、氮磷比、有机碳、碳氮比和植物地上部分全碳、碳磷比、地下部分碳氮比是共同调控微生物生物量及其化学计量比变化的主要因子。综上所述,土壤有机碳仍然是高寒草甸植物生长的主要限制因子,施有机肥+免耕补播在恢复退化高寒草甸生态格局以及驱动生态系统养分循环过程中发挥了关键性作用。As an effective recovery measure,organic fertilizer application and no-tillage reseeding play a crucial role in nutrient cycling in degraded alpine meadow ecosystems.Using different restoration measures,this study determined soil,plant,and microbial carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus and their stoichiometric characteristics in the degraded alpine meadow ecosystems.The results showed that the ratio of soil carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus was 100.07∶6.53∶1 in different restoration measures,characterized by an evident carbon enrichment.The plant aboveground and underground carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus ratios in different restoration measures were 71.77∶2.13∶1 and 128.25∶3.44∶1,presenting a limitation of carbon and nitrogen or enrichment of phosphorus,respectively.The ratio of soil microbial biomass carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus was 27.54∶18.67∶1 in different restoration measures,showing a carbon limitation or nitrogen enrichment.The correlation analysis showed that soil organic carbon and total phosphorus contents had a significantly negative correlation,and there were significant positive correlations between plant total carbon and nitrogen contents and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen contents.The soil organic carbon and plant aboveground total carbon contents exhibited a positive correlation.Soil total phosphorus content positively correlated with plant total aboveground carbon,total nitrogen,and total underground phosphorus contents.While plant total aboveground carbon content negatively correlated with microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen contents.Redundancy analysis revealed that total soil phosphorus,nitrogen to phosphorous ratio,soil organic carbon,carbon to nitrogen ratio,and plant total aboveground carbon,aboveground carbon to phosphorous ratio,and underground carbon to nitrogen ratio had significant effects on microbial biomass and stoichiometry.In conclusion,soil organic carbon was the primary limiting factor affecting alpine meadow plant growth.Applying organic fertilizer and no-till

关 键 词：土壤-植物-微生物 化学计量比 施有机肥 免耕补播 高寒草甸 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]