报废锂电池高效便捷放电液对比研究  

Comparative Study on Efficient and Convenient Discharging Solution of Scrap Lithium-Ion Battery

作　　者：肖顺 庄绪宁[1,2] 马恩[1,2] XIAO Shun;ZHUANG Xuning;MA En(School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Shanghai Polytechnic University,Shanghai 201209,China;Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for WEEE Recycling,Shanghai Polytechnic University,Shanghai 201209,China)

机构地区：[1]上海第二工业大学资源与环境工程学院,上海201209 [2]上海第二工业大学上海电子废弃物资源化协同创新中心,上海201209

出　　处：《上海第二工业大学学报》2022年第2期112-117,共6页Journal of Shanghai Polytechnic University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“固废资源化”重点专项(2019YFC1904400)资助。

摘　　要：近年来,随着新能源汽车产业的快速发展,锂电池的产量不断增长,市场上现有的锂电池若干年后将要退役。退役锂电池在资源化回收过程中多用NaCl溶液浸泡放电,对环境有很大的污染风险。为了探究清洁、高效、经济的放电体系,通过对比实验,研究NaCl、NaOH、Na_(2)SO_(3)、Na_(2)CO_(4)溶液浸泡退役锂电池的放电效率、金属元素和氟化物的释放情况,以及重复利用性能。结果表明,采用NaOH溶液可以实现和NaCl溶液相似的放电效率,可以有效减少放电过程中污染物的产生和释放,将电解液泄露产生的HF大部分固定于放电溶液中。而且,经多次重复放电性能未见衰减,工业应用前景较大。In recent years,with the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry,the output of lithium batteries is increasing,and the existing lithium batteries in the market will be retired in a few years.In the process of resource recovery,retired lithium batteries often immerse in NaCl solution for discharging,which has great pollution risk to the environment.The discharge efficiency,the release of metal elements and fluoride in the solution of NaCl,NaOH,Na_(2)SO_(4)and Na_(2)CO_(3),and the reusability of the retired lithium batteries were studied by contrast experiments.The results show that NaOH solution can achieve similar discharge efficiency to NaCl solution,which can effectively reduce the generation and release of pollutants in the discharge process,and most of the HF generated by electrolyte leakage is fixed in the discharge solution.Moreover,the performance has not been attenuated after repeated discharge for many times.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 放电 效率 氟化物 重金属 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]