爆破荷载下白鹤滩大型地下厂房累积损伤机制研究  

Study on cumulative damage mechanisms of Baihetan large underground powerhouse under blasting loads

作　　者：赵金帅 陈炳瑞[2] 江权[2] 郝宪杰[3] 段淑倩 刘国锋 裴书锋 杨广栋 ZHAO Jinshuai;CHEN Bingrui;JIANG Quan;HAO Xianjie;DUAN Shuqian;LIU Guofeng;PEI Shufeng;YANG Guangdong(Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang,Jiangsu 212013,China;State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan,Hubei 430071,China;School of Energy and Mining Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;School of Civil Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450001,China;School of Highway,Chang’an University,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710064,China;College of Geosciences and Engineering,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou,Henan 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学土木工程与力学学院,江苏镇江212013 [2]中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所岩土力学与工程国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430071 [3]中国矿业大学(北京)能源与矿业学院,北京100083 [4]郑州大学土木工程学院,河南郑州450001 [5]长安大学公路学院,陕西西安710064 [6]华北水利水电大学地球科学与工程学院,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《岩石力学与工程学报》2022年第5期916-925,共10页Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering

基　　金：江苏省高层次创新创业人才引进计划;国家自然科学基金资助项目(42077263);国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(51909241)。

摘　　要：白鹤滩水电站大型地下厂房爆破开挖过程中脆性破坏频发,采用微震监测、多点位移计、锚杆(索)测力计等多种原位监测设备,全面揭示大型地下厂房爆破开挖卸荷下脆性玄武岩的力学响应行为。原位综合监测结果表明,多次爆破开挖后,围岩破裂、变形和应力均发生了一定程度的增长。进一步分析证实,围岩变形与其内部微破裂具有协调性,即爆破荷载作用下岩体逐步开裂,岩体经历裂纹压密、微破裂萌生、破裂扩展等连续破裂阶段,同时伴随围岩变形的增长。基于能量指数和累积视体积的微震参数预警方法,能够有效预警围岩宏观破坏的风险。研究表明,监测爆破荷载诱发的“破裂-变形-应力”演化信号对高应力硬岩地下工程施工方案优化及地质灾害预警具有重要的指导作用。Brittle failure of rock masses occurs frequently during blasting excavation of large underground powerhouse of the Baihetan Hydropower Station.In-situ monitoring equipments,such as microseismic(MS)monitoring,multi-point extensometers and rockbolt(cable)dynamometers,are adopted to fully reveal the mechanical responses of basalt under blasting excavation of the large underground powerhouse.The comprehensive monitoring results show that the fracture,deformation and stress of the surrounding rock increase to a certain extent after blasting excavation.Further analysis confirms that the surrounding rock deformation is compatible with the internal micro-fracture.The rock mass of the powerhouse cracks gradually under blasting excavation.The rock mass undergoes continuous fracture stages such as crack compaction,micro-fracture initiation and fracture propagation,accompanied by the growth of surrounding rock deformation.The early warning method of MS parameters based on energy index(EI)and cumulative apparent volume(CAV)can effectively warn the risk of macro-damage of the surrounding rock.It is also shown that monitoring the evolution signals of“fracture-deformation-stress”induced by blasting excavation has an important guiding role in the optimization of construction schemes of underground engineering under high-stresses as well as in the early warning of geological disasters.

关 键 词：岩石力学 高应力 爆破 损伤 原位监测 

分 类 号：TU45[建筑科学—岩土工程]