以活性污泥为接种污泥厌氧氨氧化工艺的快速启动及脱氮效能  

Rapid start-up and nitrogen removal performance of anammox process using activated sludge as an inoculation

作　　者：陈加波 周鑫[2,3] 李旭 CHEN Jiabo;ZHOU Xin;LI Xu(School of Environment&Natural Resources,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Jinzhong 030600,Shanxi,China;Innovation Center for Postgraduate Education in Municipal Engineering of Shanxi,Jinzhong 030600,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学环境学院,北京100872 [2]太原理工大学环境科学与工程学院,山西晋中030600 [3]山西省市政工程研究生教育创新中心,山西晋中030600

出　　处：《化工进展》2022年第7期3900-3907,共8页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21607111);山西省高等学校研究生创新项目(2021Y242);山西省高等学校科技成果转化培育项目;山西省基础研究计划(20210302123198)。

摘　　要：以活性污泥作为接种污泥,研究了采用厌氧序批式生物膜反应器(anaerobic sequencingbiofilmbatch reactor,AnSBBR)进行低浓度含氮废水的厌氧氨氧化工艺的快速启动。通过调整进水溶解氧(dissolved oxygen,DO)和水力停留时间(hydraulic retentiontime,HRT)等关键控制因素,加速厌氧氨氧化生物膜的快速形成。结果表明,启动运行40天后,发生明显的厌氧氨氧化反应。运行90天,氮去除效率(nitrogen removalefficiency,NRE)和脱氮负荷率(nitrogen removalloadingrate,NRLR)分别达到99.7%和0.048 kg/(m^(3)∙d)。生物膜内部呈现红色,扫描电子显微镜(scanning electronmicroscope,SEM)发现厌氧氨氧化生物膜是由多个小聚合体形成,多为球菌,内部结构排列紧密。微生物群落进一步分析表明,厌氧氨氧化菌(AnAOB)主要为Candidatus Brocadia和Candidatus Kuenenia,且在168天最高达到了12%的相对丰度,表明AnAOB成为生物膜内重要的优势菌属。Rapid start-up of biofilm-anammox process for low-strength wastewater in anaerobic sequencing biofilm batch reactor(AnSBBR)with activated sludge as inoculum and highly efficient performance have been achieved.According to the operation effect,the key control factors such as influent dissolved oxygen(DO)and hydraulic retention time(HRT)were adjusted to accelerate the rapid formation of biofilm-anammox process.The results showed that the start-up of anammox was achieved.After 90 d of operation,the nitrogen removal efficiency(NRE)and nitrogen removal load rate(NRLR)reached 99.7%and 0.048kg/(m^(3)·d),respectively.The microbial community analysis showed that anammox bacteria were mainly Candidatus Brocadia and Candidatus Kuenenia,and the relative abundance reached up to 12%at 168d,indicating that anammox bacteria became the dominant genera in biofilm.Biofilm images and scanning electron microscope(SEM)results showed that anammox mainly existed in the biofilm inside the biocarrier,and biofilm-anammox structure was formed by multiple small polymers,mostly cocci and closely.

关 键 词：厌氧序批式生物膜反应器 厌氧氨氧化 生物膜 微生物群落 快速启动 脱氮 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]