生态保护与牧民生计:牧区草原生态保护补助奖励政策实施状况调查  

Ecological Protection and Herdsmen’s Livelihood:A Survey on the Implementation of Subsidy and Reward Policy for Grassland Ecological Protection in Pastoral Areas

作　　者：王天雁[1] 马晓青[1] Wang Tian-yan;Ma Xiao-qing

机构地区：[1]西北民族大学法学院,甘肃兰州100732

出　　处：《青海民族大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第2期57-69,共13页Journal of Qinghai Minzu University：Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金西部项目“生态文明视域下牧区草地承包经营法律制度研究”(项目编号:17XFX020)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：草原生态补奖政策是保护草原生态环境,保障牧民生产生活,建设生态文明的重要举措。从调查来看,现行补奖政策仍然停留在政策和部门规章层面,缺乏高位阶法律规范,生态补偿项目繁多,但仍未能形成系统的草原生态保护补偿机制。草原生态补奖政策存在补奖范围狭窄、补奖形式和资金来源单一、补奖对象遗漏、欠缺科学精准补奖标准等问题,相关配套制度亦存在缺陷。因此,建议未来生态补奖政策改革,应当建立完善的草原生态补偿法律制度,在《中华人民共和国草原法》专章规定草原生态补偿制度,应当健全生态补奖项目和范围、补奖方式、补奖资金来源、补奖对象、补奖标准等基本要素,应当完善禁牧和草畜平衡管理、草原承包确权登记等配套制度。The policy of grassland ecological compensation is an important measure to protect grassland ecological environment,guarantee herdsmen’s production and life and build ecological civilization.According to the investigation,the current compensation policy remains at the level of policy and departmental regulations,lacks high-level legal norms,has many ecological compensation projects,and still cannot form a systematic compensation mechanism for grassland ecological protection.There are some problems in the grassland ecological compensation policy,such as narrow compensation scopes,single compensation forms and fund sources,omission of compensation objects,lack of scientific accuracy of compensation standards and the related supporting systems.Considering all these,this paper offers some suggestions as follows.Firstly,the ecological compensation policy should be reformed in the future and the perfect legal system of grassland ecological compensation should be established.Secondly,in Grassland Law,the grassland ecological compensation system should be stipulated.Besides,some basic elements for ecological compensation including items and scopes,methods,fund sources,persons,and standards,have to be improved.Finally,the related supporting systems,such as the forbidden grazing and a?fodder-livestockrbalance,grassland contract confirmation and registration,should be perfected.

关 键 词：生态保护 禁牧补助 草畜平衡奖励 

分 类 号：D922.64[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]