基于线粒体Cyt b基因的雅鲁藏布江中游短尾高原鳅遗传多样性研究  

Genetic diversity of Triplophysa brevicauda in the middle Yarlung Tsangpo River based on mitochondrial Cyt b gene sequences

作　　者：巩政 刘艳超 马聪敏 李小兵 GONG Zheng;LIU Yan-chao;MA Cong-min;LI Xiao-bing(College of Life Sciences,Zaozhuang University,Zaozhuang 277160,Shandong,China;Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources,Institute of Hydroecology,Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China;Tibet Plateau Institute of Biology,Lhasa 850000,China;College of Fisheries,Southwest University,Chongqing 402460,China)

机构地区：[1]枣庄学院生命科学学院,山东枣庄277160 [2]水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所水利部水工程生态效应与生态修复重点实验室,武汉430072 [3]西藏自治区高原生物研究所,拉萨850000 [4]西南大学水产学院,重庆402460

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2022年第4期31-39,共9页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(ZR2021QC224);山东省青年创新团队项目(2019KJE020)。

摘　　要：以线粒体Cyt b基因作为分子标记对雅鲁藏布江中游10条支流中短尾高原鳅(Triplophysa brevicauda)的遗传多样性、遗传分化及种群历史动态进行分析。结果显示:125尾个体中共检测到52个单倍型,各群体的单倍型多样性(0.600~0.900)与核苷酸多样性(0.00187~0.01965)普遍处于较高水平。基于单倍型构建的系统发育树和进化网络图显示所有单倍型可被划分为5支谱系,各单倍型多为单一群体独享,群体间共享单倍型极少;不同谱系内各地理群体所属单倍型混杂分布,不符合群体的地理分布格局。群体间遗传分化指数检验结果表明多数地理群体间存在高度分化;分子方差分析显示组群间的遗传变异占总变异的39.51%,遗传分化水平为极显著。中性检验和错配分析表明短尾高原鳅总体和部分支流群体历史上发生过种群扩张。贝叶斯天际图进一步推断出短尾高原鳅总体在较近的历史时期(约1.12 kya)经历过快速的种群扩张和收缩,推测其种群动态受到了全新世以来青藏高原南部气候波动及水系变迁的影响。Triplophysa brevicauda,a small-sized Nemacheilidae fish,is widely distributed in the middle Yarlung Tsangpo River with little published population genetic data.In order to detect the genetic diversity,population differentiation and demographic history of T.brevicauda,a total of 125 specimens collected from 10 tributaries of the middle Yarlung Tsangpo River were included in the analysis based on mitochondrial Cyt b gene sequences characteristics.The results showed that a total of 52 haplotypes were detected from all individuals,and the haplotype diversity(0.600~0.900)and nucleotide diversity(0.00187~0.01965)were generally at high level for each population.Phylogenetic tree and evolutionary network generated on haplotypes data indicated that all haplotypes could be divided into five lineages.Most haplotypes were exclusive to a single population,and few haplotypes were shared among populations.The haplotypes of each population in different lineages were mixed and did not show the corresponding geospatial pattern.The results of the genetic differentiation indices demonstrated that there was a high degree of differentiation among most paired populations.Analysis of molecular variance showed that the genetic variations among groups and populations accounted for 39.51%of the total variation,and the level of genetic differentiation among populations was extremely significant.Neutral test and mismatch analysis revealed that population expansion occurred in the whole population and some geographic populations.Bayesian skyline analysis further concluded that the whole population of T.brevicauda had experienced rapid population expansion and contraction during recent historical period(1.12 kya),suggesting that its demographic history was affected by the climatic fluctuations and river system changes in southern Tibetan Plateau since the Holocene.Based on the results of this study,some conservation proposals for the genetic diversity of T.brevicauda could be put forward,including conserving the habitats of differentiated popu

关 键 词：雅鲁藏布江 短尾高原鳅(Triplophysa brevicauda) Cyt b基因 遗传多样性 种群历史动态 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]