区域神经阻滞中局部麻醉药佐剂的应用进展  

Effect of local anesthetic adjuvant drugs in regional nerve block

作　　者：李麟 祝雨思 夏中元[2] 刘方 宋晓阳 LI Lin;ZHU Yusi;XIA Zhongyuan;LIU Fang;SONG Xiaoyang(Department of Anesthesiology,General Hospital of the PLA Central Theatre Command,Wuhan 430070,China;Department of Anesthesiology,Renming Hospital,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430060,China)

机构地区：[1]中部战区总医院麻醉科,武汉430070 [2]武汉大学人民医院麻醉科,武汉430060

出　　处：《实用医学杂志》2022年第12期1553-1557,共5页The Journal of Practical Medicine

基　　金：湖北省卫生健康委科研联合项目(编号:WJ2019H116)。

摘　　要：超声引导下的区域麻醉技术,以较高的成功率、确切的镇痛效果和可靠的安全性,逐渐成为临床不可替代的镇痛技术。但局麻药的阻滞时间以及呈剂量依赖性的毒性反应,使区域阻滞技术的发展有了局限性。佐剂的使用和推进旨在延长局麻药镇痛时间的同时,加快起效时间、提高镇痛质量、减少用药剂量和不良反应。如今,局麻药佐剂已经从传统的阿片类药物发展到多种不同类别、作用机制的药物。本文将对近几年区域阻滞中常用的局麻药佐剂进行综述,以期为临床应用提供相对可靠的证据。Ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia technology has gradually become an irreplaceable clinical analgesic technology for its high success rate,accurate analgesic effect and reliable safety.However,the delay time and dose-dependent toxicity of local anesthetics limit the development of regional anesthesia techniques.Adjuvants drugs are used to prolong the analgesic time of local anesthetics,speed up the effective time,improve the quality of analgesia and reduce the dosage and adverse reactions.Today,local anesthetic adjuvants have evolved from classical opioids to many different classes of drugs with different mechanisms of action.This article reviews the local anesthetic adjuvant commonly used in regional block in recent years in order to provide relatively reliable evidence for clinical application.

关 键 词：佐剂 区域阻滞麻醉 α_(2)受体激动剂 咪达唑仑 硫酸镁 

分 类 号：R614.4[医药卫生—麻醉学]