预期的性质、参照点和作用及表达手段  

On the Properties,Reference Points,Effects,and Means of Expression of Expectation

作　　者：刘焱[1] LIU Yan(International Cultural Exchange School,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,Shanghai 200083,China)

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学国际文化交流学院,上海200083

出　　处：《常熟理工学院学报》2022年第4期34-41,共8页Journal of Changshu Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“现代汉语反预期范畴研究”(15BYY148)。

摘　　要：预期具有先时性、客观性与主观性及变化性特点,它与百科知识、惯常经验、一定的社会常规、言谈事件中说听双方的知识背景以及特定的话语语境密切相关。预期影响着交际主体的词语选择、言语行为和情感,并可通过一定的手段来表现。其中,反预期表达手段类型丰富,几乎涉及语言系统的各个层面,而词类、话语标记、构式是最常见的表达手段。Expectation bears the characteristics of anteriority,objectivity,subjectivity and variability,which are closely related to encyclopedic knowledge,habitual experience,certain social norms,knowledge backgrounds of both sides in conversations,and specific discourse contexts.Expectation affects the addressor’s wording,speech act and emotion by appropriate means.Among them,the anti-expectation abounds in means of expression,nearly involving each aspect of a language system,while word classes,discourse markers and constructions are the most common means of expression.

关 键 词：预期 性质 参照点 作用 表达手段 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]