HIV抗体筛查与确证试验结果对比分析  

A Comparative Analysis of HIV Antibody Screening Test and Confirmatory Test

作　　者：汤旭[1] 杨植 肇刚 刘方遥[1] 陈玉[1] TANG Xu;YANG Zhi;ZHAO Gang;LIU Fangyao;CHEN Yu(Center for Disease Control and Prenvention in Haidian District of Beijing,Bijing 10094,China;PLA 984 Hospital,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市海淀区疾病预防控制中心,北京100094 [2]解放军第九八四医院,北京100094

出　　处：《标记免疫分析与临床》2022年第4期604-607,691,共5页Labeled Immunoassays and Clinical Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2020年至2021年北京市海淀区HIV抗体筛查试验结果与确证试验结果的相关性,为提高实验室的检测能力提供技术支持。方法对筛查实验室送检的1420例HIV抗体筛查有反应样本采用免疫印迹法(WB)进行确证试验,将筛查试验结果按不同的人群、检测方法、S/CO值与确证结果进行对比分析。结果1420例HIV抗体筛查有反应样本的确证阳性率为34.72%,其中男性(49.58%)确证阳性率明显高于女性(3.90%),21~40岁年龄组确证阳性率最高(39.95%),来自海淀区疾病预防控制中心仁爱社区送检样本的确证阳性率最高(97.58%),最低为血液中心(23.09%)。不同筛查方法之间的确证阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),快速检测法最高(94.81%),ELISA法最低(32.17%)。当ELISA法S/CO>10或CLIA法S/CO>50或ECLIA法S/CO>50时,确证阳性率能达到较高的水平。结论应加强对筛查实验室的质量控制,提高HIV抗体检测水平。筛查试验的S/CO值与确证试验结果具有一定的相关性,可在一定程度上通过S/CO比值预测确证试验结果。Objective To analyze the correlation between results of HIV antibody screening test and confirmatory test in Haidian District,Beijing from 2020 to 2021,and to provide technical support for improving laboratory detection capacity.Methods 1420 HIV antibody screening samples from the screening laboratory were confirmed with western blot(WB).Confirmatory results were compared with those of screening test according to different populations,detection methods,and S/CO value.Results The confirmed positive rate of 1420 HIV antibody screening samples was 34.72%.The confirmed positive rate of males(49.58%)was significantly higher than that of females(3.90%),and the positive rate of the 21-40 years old group was the highest(39.95%).The confirmed positive rate of samples from Renai Community of Haidian CDC was the highest(97.58%).The confirmed positive rate of blood center was the lowest(23.09%).There were statistically significant differences in the positive rate among different screening methods(P<0.05),in which rapid method was the highest(94.81)and ELISA method was the lowest(32.17%).When S/CO value was>10 by ELISA or S/CO value was>50 by CLIA or S/CO value was>50 by ECLIA,the positive rate could reach a higher level.Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the quality control of screening laboratories,improve the level of HIV antibody testing.S/CO value of screening test has a certain correlation with the results of confirmatory test,which can be predicted by the S/CO ratio to a certain extent.

关 键 词：人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV) 筛查试验 确证试验 S/CO值 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]