利用微波烧结垃圾焚烧灰的实验研究  

Experimental research on microwave sintering behavior of composite waste incineration ash

作　　者：张元馨 卢前明 王震 潘艺行 马超 ZHANG Yuanxin;LU Qianming;WANG Zhen;PAN Yihang;MA Chao(Department of Modern Management,Zhengzhou Technical College,Zhengzhou Henan 450121;School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Henan University of Engineering,Zhengzhou Henan 451191;Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Coal Science Research Institute,Urumchi Xinjiang 830091)

机构地区：[1]郑州职业技术学院现代管理系,河南郑州450121 [2]河南工程学院资源与安全工程学院,河南郑州451191 [3]新疆维吾尔自治区煤炭科学研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2022年第7期862-867,872,共7页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：河南省高等学校重点科研项目(No.22A560020);河南省科技攻关项目(No.212102310398);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金面上项目(No.2022D01A116);河南工程学院博士基金项目(No.D2017003)。

摘　　要：为实现生活垃圾焚烧飞灰和医疗垃圾焚烧底灰在建筑材料领域的资源化利用,研究了微波辐照参数、原料配比、试样尺寸和助熔剂对两者的混合物(简称复合垃圾焚烧灰)烧结特性的影响。结果表明:随着生活垃圾焚烧飞灰掺量的增加,烧结产物的表观密度及单粒强度不断减小;在微波功率和煅烧时间一定的条件下,减小试样尺寸有利于提高烧结核心温度及烧结率;随着微波功率及煅烧时间增加,试样核心温度、烧结率及单粒强度不断提高,当煅烧时间延长到一定程度,试样烧结率增幅减缓,继续煅烧不利于节约能耗。微波作用下,复合垃圾焚烧灰通过CaO-SiO_(2)-Al_(2)O_(3)体系熔融反应生成以钙铝黄长石、橄榄石和玻璃相为主的烧结产物,其结构密实,具有较高强度;助熔剂的掺入促使更多外层复合垃圾焚烧灰颗粒发生熔融,进而提高了试样烧结率。微波烧结后的复合垃圾焚烧灰中重金属稳定性得以提高,浸出量低于国家标准限值。In order to realize resource utilization of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash and medical waste incineration bottom ash in construction,the effect of microwave irradiation,addition ratio of raw materials,sample size and flux addition on the sintering behavior of the composite waste incineration ash were investigated in this paper.The results indicated that as the increasing content of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash,the apparent density and the single particle strength decreased gradually.Reducing the sample size was beneficial to improve the core temperature and sintering rate under certain microwave power and calcination time.As the increase of microwave power and calcination time,the core temperature,sintering rate and single particle strength of the sample were continuously improved.When the calcination time was extended to a certain level,the increase rate of sintering rate slowed down for a certain sample size of the composite waste incineration ash,continuous calcination were not conducive to saving energy.Gehlenite,olivine and amorphous products were produced through the melting reaction of CaO-SiO_(2)-Al_(2)O_(3)system in the composite waste incineration ash under microwave radiation.The sintering products possessed a dense structure with high strength,the addition of flux promoted the melting reaction of outer part incineration ash particles,which further increased the sintering rate of the composite waste incineration ash.The stability of heavy metals in the composite waste incineration ash was improved after microwave sintering,and the leaching concentration was lower than the national standard limits.

关 键 词：生活垃圾焚烧飞灰 医疗垃圾焚烧底灰 微波烧结 烧结率 助熔剂 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]