岩溶区地下河多环芳烃多年变化及其对大气污染物响应特征  

Multi-year variation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in karst underground river and its response characteristics to atmospheric pollutants

作　　者：李晓丽 孙玉川 胡雨晴[1] 茆杨 曹敏 袁道先 LI Xiaoli;SUN Yuchuan;HU Yuqing;MAO Yang;CAO Min;YUAN Daoxian(Chongqing Key Laboratory of Karst Environment,School of Geographical Sciences,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715;Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics,Ministry of Natural Resources/Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Institute of Karst Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Guilin Guangxi 541004)

机构地区：[1]西南大学地理科学学院,岩溶环境重庆市重点实验室,重庆400715 [2]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所,自然资源部/广西壮族自治区岩溶动力学重点实验室,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2022年第7期895-899,906,共6页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项(No.XDJK2019B067、No.XDJK2020C013);广西岩溶动力学重大科技创新基地开放课题(No.KDL&Guangxi202012)。

摘　　要：于2012年9月至2016年1月对重庆老龙洞地下河出口进行连续取样监测,运用气相色谱—质谱联用仪(GC/MS)测定水样中的16种优先控制多环芳烃(PAHs)含量,利用主成分分析法解析PAHs来源,对PAHs浓度与研究区大气污染物(细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))、可吸入颗粒物(PM_(10))、NO_(2)、SO_(2)、CO、O_(3))相关性进行分析。结果表明,老龙洞地下河中16种PAHs除苯并[b]荧蒽(BbF)、苯并[k]荧蒽(BkF)、苯并[a]芘(BaP)、茚并[1,2,3-cd]芘(InP)未检出外,其他12种PAHs均有检出,PAHs总质量浓度在56~8089 ng/L,平均值为852 ng/L,高于其他岩溶区地下水;老龙洞地下河中PAHs主要由低环(2、3环)PAHs组成,高环(5、6环)PAHs仅在少数几个月份中有检出,在短时强降雨多发的月份,中、高环PAHs占比明显增大;煤炭燃烧是PAHs的主要污染源,但2014年4月至2016年1月煤炭燃烧贡献低于2012年9月至2013年11月的贡献,而来自交通及石油的贡献则相对增加;PAHs与大气污染物之间相关性较弱,两者浓度变化趋势在冬季相同,在夏季则相反,地下河PAHs并不能及时响应大气污染物浓度变化,PAHs峰值出现时间比大气污染物峰值出现时间滞后约一个月。Continuous sampling of underground river water in Chongqing Laolongdong outlet was conducted from September 2012 to January 2016.The content of 16 optimal control polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in water samples was detected by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,the source of PAHs was analyzed by principal component analysis(PCA)method,and the relationship between the concentration of PAHs and the air pollutants(PM_(2.5)and PM_(10),SO_(2),NO_(2),CO,O_(3))was studied with help of statistical analysis method.The results showed that among the 16 PAHs,12 PAHs were detected in underground river of Laolongdong except BbF,BkF,InP,and BaP.The content of total PAHs ranged 56-8089 ng/L,with the average value of 852 ng/L,which was higher than the groundwater in other karst areas.The PAHs at the outlet of the underground river were mainly composed of low ring(2,3 rings)PAHs,high ring(5,6 rings)PAHs were only detected in a few months,the proportion of medium and high rings PAHs were obviously higher in months with heavy rainfall.During the monitoring period,coal combustion was the main source of pollution for PAHs,but the contribution of coal combustion during April 2014 to January 2016 was lower than that of September 2012 to November 2013.The contribution from transportation and oil increased relatively.The correlation between PAHs and atmospheric pollutants was weak,their variation trend was similar in winter,but opposite in summer.The concentration of PAHs in underground river could not respond to the change of atmospheric pollutant immediately,and the peak of PAHs appeared about one month later than the peak of air pollutants.

关 键 词：岩溶地下河 多环芳烃 大气污染物 污染源 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]