应用MAS技术改良水稻特异种质大粒溪香的稻瘟病抗性  

Improving Blast Resistance of a Distinctive Fragrant Rice Germplasm Named Dalixixiang Based on MAS Technique

作　　者：宋泽 余显权[2] 黎小冰 陈惠查[1] 阮仁超[3] 王玲莉 宋伦 SONG Ze;YU Xianquan;LI Xiaobing;CHEN Huicha;RUAN Renchao;WANG Lingli;SONG Lun(Intitute of Crop Germplasm Resources,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China;College of Agronomy,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Intitute of Horticulture,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China;Anshun Technical College,Anshun Guizhou 561000,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所,贵阳550006 [2]贵州大学农学院,贵阳550025 [3]贵州省农业科学院园艺研究所,贵阳550006 [4]安顺职业技术学院,贵州安顺561000

出　　处：《种子》2022年第6期18-22,38,F0002,共7页Seed

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题子课题“西南稻作区水稻种质资源精准鉴定与创新利用”(2016 YFD 0100101-04);贵州农作物品种资源保存与轮种更新(黔农科院基础性公益性专项[2022]06号);西南稻区水稻种质资源精准鉴定(19211081)。

摘　　要：本研究以携带Pi1和Pi9抗病基因的BC_(4)F_(2)群体为基础材料,利用分子标记辅助选择(MAS)完成BC_(5)F_(5)株系的构建,并对其进行苗瘟接种鉴定及不同生态环境的田间自然鉴定。结果表明,大粒溪香的苗瘟病级为7级,而改良株系病级为2~6级。大粒溪香在湄潭和黎平两病圃叶瘟病病级为8级和7级,穗瘟病均为9级高感,其综合抗性指数为8.4,表现为高感稻瘟病;而改良株系在两病圃叶瘟病病级为1~7级,穗瘟病病级为5~9级,表现为感和高感,但穗瘟损失率病级较轻,相较对照大粒溪香8级穗瘟损失率,降低了3~7个病级。通过分子标记辅助选择获得改良株系抗性较原始亲本大粒溪香均有不同程度提升,明确了改良株系在不同生态区的稻瘟病抗性水平差异,筛选出一批可供育种利用的水稻新种质。In this study,we used the BC_(4)F_(2) population carrying Pi1 and Pi9 disease resistance genes as materials,and used molecular marker-assisted selection(MAS)to complete the construction of the BC_(5)F_(5) strain and carried out the identification of the seedling blast inoculation and natural identification in field under different ecological environments.The results showed that the seedling blast disease of Dalixixiang was grade 7,while the disease grade of the improved strains was grade 2 to 6.The leaf blast grades of Dalixixiang in the two disease nurseries of Meitan and Liping were 8 and 7,and the panicle blast was 9 grades with high sensitivity,and its comprehensive resistance index was 8.4 with the performance of high sensitivity to blast.The disease grade of leaf blast in the diseased nursery was 1 to 7,and the incidence rate of ear blast was grade 5 to 9,showing sensitivity and high sensitivity,but the loss rate of ear blast was lighter,compared with the control Dalixixiang grade 8 ear blast,reduced by 3 to 7 grades.The resistance of the improved lines obtained by molecular marker assisted selection was improved to varying degrees compared with the original parent Dalixixiang,which clarified the difference of rice blast resistance level of the improved lines in different ecological areas,and screened out a number of new rice germplasms for breeding.

关 键 词：分子标记辅助选择 稻瘟病 抗性评价 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]