5种消毒剂对玉米种子萌发及其幼苗生长的影响  

Effects of Five Disinfectants on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Maize

作　　者：季鸿飞 杨国平 张琇[1,2] 吴凯华 沈婷婷 齐玉玺 JI Hongfei;YANG Guoping;ZHANG Xiu;WU Kaihua;SHEN Tingting;QI Yuxi(College of Biological Science and Engineering,North Minzu University,Yinchuan Ningxia 750021,China;Ningxia Key Laboratory for the Development and Application of Microbial Resources in Extreme Environments,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Wufeng Agricultural Science and Technology Co.LTD,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]北方民族大学生物科学与工程学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏特殊生境微生物资源开发与利用重点实验室,银川750021 [3]宁夏五丰农业科技有限公司,银川750021

出　　处：《种子》2022年第6期39-44,共6页Seed

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32060424);国家民委中青年英才计划项目(2016)。

摘　　要：为研究消毒剂对玉米种子及其幼苗生长的影响,以宁单33号玉米为材料,用6%NaClO、1%CuSO_(4)、0.1%HgCl_(2)、4%苯酚、75%乙醇溶液对玉米种子进行消毒,分析消毒剂对玉米种子的消毒效果、萌发指标、幼苗生长、淀粉酶活性、SOD活性、CAT活性、MDA含量的影响。结果表明,HgCl_(2)污染率最低,消毒效果最好;其中,苯酚对玉米种子的萌发具有抑制作用,CuSO_(4)和乙醇抑制玉米幼苗根的生长,乙醇也会降低玉米幼苗鲜重。酶活性测定结果显示,HgCl_(2)显著降低α-淀粉酶活性,乙醇、NaClO、CuSO_(4)、HgCl_(2)会显著降低β-淀粉酶活性;CuSO_(4)和乙醇均明显提高SOD活性,HgCl_(2)显著促进CAT活性,而NaClO提高CAT活性的同时也引起MDA的积累。因此,0.1%的HgCl_(2)最适合用于玉米种子消毒。In order to study the effects of disinfectants on the growth of maize seeds and seedlings,Ningdan 33 maize was used as material to disinfect maize seeds with 6%NaClO,1%CuSO_(4),0.1%HgCl_(2),4%Phenol and 75%Ethanol solution.The effects of disinfectant on the disinfection effect,germination index,seedling growth,amylase activity,SOD activity,CAT activity and MDA content of maize seeds were analyzed.The results showed that HgCl_(2) had the lowest contamination rate and the best disinfection effect.Phenol inhibited the germination of corn seeds,CuSO_(4) and Ethanol inhibited the root growth of corn seedlings,and Ethanol also reduced the fresh weight of corn seedlings.The results of enzyme determination showed that HgCl_(2) significantly decreasedα-amylase activity,while Ethanol,NaClO,CuSO_(4) and HgCl_(2) significantly decreasedβ-amylase activity.Both CuSO_(4) and Ethanol significantly promoted SOD activity,HgCl_(2) significantly promoted CAT activity,while NaClO increased CAT activity and also caused the accumulation of MDA.Consequently,0.1%HgCl_(2) was the most suitable for maize seed disinfection.

关 键 词：玉米 种子消毒剂 污染率 种子萌发 幼苗生长 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]