基于木质素优先降解策略的木质素高值化利用研究进展  

Recent advances in valorization of lignin based on the lignin-first depolymerization strategy

作　　者：孙卓华 王雪琪[1] 袁同琦[1] SUN Zhuohua;WANG Xueqi;YUAN Tongqi(Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林木生物质化学北京市重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2022年第4期1-12,共12页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31971613)。

摘　　要：木质素优先降解策略是天然木质素高效解聚生产木质素平台化合物最有效的方法之一。区别于传统木质素催化降解路径,这种催化降解策略以木质纤维素为原料,木质素在分离的同时立即与催化剂接触并完成催化降解。这种方法既省略了复杂的木质素分离步骤,又避免了木质素分离过程中的再聚合反应,可以得到高产率的木质素单体。近年来,随着多种新型催化解聚体系的不断建立与完善,这一方向的研究热点将会逐渐转移至下游转化工艺,即对木质素降解产物的高效开发利用。近期报道的很多生物质炼制工艺都描述了从木质素降解产物到高附加值产品的完整工艺流程,这其中就包括大宗化学品和精细化学品的新型生产工艺,以及基于这些中间产品所开发的高分子材料、药物分子或高值燃料的全新合成路线。基于此,笔者概述了木质素优先降解催化体系及其降解产物下游转化工艺研究的最新进展,特别是对木质素降解产物中不同组分的高值化利用进行了深入细致的讨论。根据木质素降解产物的结构特点,将其分类归纳成不同的组分,详细阐述了各组分转化为化学品、燃料和高分子材料的具体催化转化路径,并对后续研究的重点突破方向进行了展望。The growing demands for fuels, chemicals, materials, and the dependence on nonrenewable fossil fuels should be addressed simultaneously by developing sustainable technologies which enables the efficient utilization of renewable resources. In the past decades, significant advances have been achieved regarding the development of biorefineries suitable for the fractionation of lignocellulose that is the most abundant renewable resources in the world. As one of the main components of lignocellulose and the largest renewable aromatic resources in nature, lignin has significant potential to serve as building materials for the production of bulk or functionalized aromatic compounds to offer suitable alternatives to the petroleum-derived chemicals that are universally used currently. Lignin depolymerization is challenging as its structural complexity and recalcitrance of this aromatic biopolymer, which is randomly held together by strong C—C and C—O bonds. In the past decades, a lot of catalytic systems have been developed and numerous products have been obtained from lignin. Among all these catalytic strategies, the lignin-first depolymerization strategy is one of the most effective methods to produce lignin platform compounds. Different with the traditional lignin depolymerization strategies, it integrates lignin separation and depolymerization in one system and avoids the complex lignin separation process. Thus, the obtained lignin monomers usually have high selectivity and yield. With the development of various new catalytic depolymerization systems and the production of high-yield lignin degradation products, this research focus would soon shift to develop more efficient and practical downstream processing strategies. Efficient separation and purification technologies have also been developed. Recently, a lot of biorefinery processes have been established from lignocellulose to the final high value-added market products, including novel processes for making chemicals and fine chemicals, and further generated pol

关 键 词：木质素 催化降解 木质素优先 生物基化学品 生物基高分子 生物精炼 

分 类 号：TQ351[化学工程] TQ353