单宁-糠醇-乙二醛共缩聚树脂泡沫的制备  

Preparation of a foam using tannin-glyoxal-furfuryl alcohol copolycondensation resin

作　　者：刘博文 李学辉 周云霞 周照铃 周晓剑[1] 张俊[1] 杜官本[1] LIU Bowen;LI Xuehui;ZHOU Yunxia;ZHOU Zhaoling;ZHOU Xiaojian;ZHANG Jun;DU Guanben(Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products of Yunnan Province,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学云南省木材胶黏剂及胶合制品重点实验室,昆明650224

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2022年第4期107-114,共8页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：云南省科技计划项目(202101AT070038);云南省农业联合专项项目(202101BD070001-105);云南省万人计划“青年拔尖人才”项目(YNWR-QNBJ-2020-166);云南省教育厅科学研究基金(2022Y553)。

摘　　要：将乙二醛替代甲醛与单宁和糠醇在酸性条件下交联,以吐温-80作为乳化剂制备了一款与酚醛树脂泡沫性能相近的生物质单宁-糠醇-乙二醛热固性(TFG)泡沫,并阐述了TFG泡沫的制备工艺;通过对其密度、抗压强度、吸水率、导热率和热重分析的测试表征了其物理性能,采用扫描电子显微镜观测泡沫的内部孔隙结构。试验结果表明:TFG泡沫的内部孔径和形态分布均匀,具有更多的无裂纹和塌陷的致密泡孔;TFG泡沫的表观密度为82.78 kg/m^(3),达到了轻质泡沫的要求;热重分析和导热测试表明,TFG泡沫具有较好的耐热性和良好的隔热性;此外,傅里叶红外光谱分析表明,单宁、糠醇、乙二醛之间发生了交联反应,使TFG泡沫具有复杂的化学网络结构,有助于提高机械性能和降低粉化程度;力学性能测试可知,TFG泡沫的抗压强度为0.3 MPa,力学性能优于酚醛树脂泡沫。综上可知,TFG泡沫的各项性能均好于市面上存在的酚醛树脂泡沫,且属于生物质“无毒”泡沫,有利于工业化生产和实际推广应用。In order to develop a non-toxic and degradable foam using biomass materials to replace non-renewable foam materials, in this study, glyoxal was used to replace formaldehyde, cross-linked with tannin and furfuryl alcohol under acidic conditions, and Tween 80 was used as an emulsifier. A biomass tannin-furfuryl alcohol-glyoxal thermosetting(TFG) foam with similar properties to phenolic resin foam was prepared and the preparation process of TFG foam was explained. Through its density, compressive strength, water absorption, thermal conductivity and thermal conductivity, the reanalysis test characterized its physical properties, and a scanning electron microscope was used to observe the internal pore structure of the foam. The experimental results showed that the glyoxal can undergo an aldol condensation reaction with furfuryl alcohol to form a group —C—O—C—, creating a stable chemical structure, and the internal morphology test of the foam showed that the use of glyoxal as the cross-linker, the foam material of the joint agent had a uniform distribution of cells and more dense cells without cracks and collapses. The test results of foam apparent density showed that the density of TFG foam met the requirements of lightweight foam. The thermogravimetric analysis and thermal conductivity tests showed that, because the number of benzene rings connected to —OH in the tannin structure was much greater than that of phenol, the carbon content was high, and it contained more heteroepoxy atoms, so the heat resistance of tannin-based foam was better than that of phenolic foam at 300 ℃. The thermal conductivity test showed that the TFG foam prepared by replacing formaldehyde with glyoxal as a cross-linking agent had good thermal insulation performance. In addition, the Fourier infrared spectroscopy analysis showed that the glyoxal can replace formaldehyde to cross-link with tannin and furfuryl alcohol to form a macromolecular structure, so that TFG foam had a complex chemical network. After the foam was cured, its s

关 键 词：单宁树脂 乙二醛 糠醇 生物质泡沫 抗压强度 

分 类 号：TQ321.2[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]