真空膜蒸馏对放射性污染饮用水处理效果试验  

Experiment for Effect of Vacuum Membrane Distillation on Radioactive Contaminated Drinking Water Treatment

作　　者：叶宇兵 YE Yubing(Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design InsitituteCo.,Ltd.,Shanghai200092,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市政工程设计研究总院<集团>有限公司,上海200092

出　　处：《净水技术》2022年第7期55-63,89,共10页Water Purification Technology

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项:饮用水放射性污染控制技术及应急装备研发(2015ZX07406006)。

摘　　要：膜分离工艺对放射性污染饮用水源具有较好的处理效果,但是净化过程中会产生大量含放射性的浓水,其处理与处置是一直没有妥善解决的难题。文中采用自制的真空膜蒸馏(VMD)装置,探究了温度、流速和真空度对真空膜蒸馏效果的影响,并分别采用模拟和实际放射性浓水进行试验研究。结果表明:VMD对放射性浓水中的核素离子具有较好的去除效果,去除率均在99.97%以上,进料液中核素浓度、含盐量以及其他物质对核素去除效果无影响;但是由于RO放射性浓水中存在无机盐、天然有机物等,处理过程中会产生膜污染,导致膜通量下降。The membrane technology has a good treatment effect on the radioactive contaminated drinking water source,but a large amount of radioactive concentrate will be produced in the purification process.However,the treatment and disposal for the radioactive concentrate is still an important problem that is not properly solved.In this paper,vacuum membrane distillation(VMD)technology was used for the exploration of the effect of feed temperature,flow velocity and vacuum degree on the VMD performance,and for the treatment of simulative and practical radioactive concentrate.Results showed that the removal rates of radionuclides in radioactive concentrate by VMD system were all above 99.97%,and could not be affected by radionuclide and salt concentrations,which proved the effectiveness of VMD technology for radioactive concentrated water treatment.However,membrane fouling occurs due to the existence of inorganic salts,natural organic matters,etc.,resulting in a decreased membrane flux.

关 键 词：真空膜蒸馏 放射性污染饮用水 膜通量 核素去除率 膜污染 

分 类 号：TU991[建筑科学—市政工程] X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]