中国碳交易市场制度困境与完善--从区域试点到全国市场的制度变迁  

Institutional Dilemmas and Improvements in China's Carbon Trading Market:from Regional Pilot to Institutional Changes of National Market

作　　者：胡勇[1] 楚广义 郑勇[1] HU Yong;CHU Guang-Yi;ZHENG Yong(Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Zhuhai,Guangdong 519087,China;Department of International Business,Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai,Zhuhai,Guangdong 519087,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学人文和社会科学高等研究院,广东珠海519087 [2]北京师范大学珠海分校国际商学部,广东珠海519087

出　　处：《石家庄学院学报》2022年第4期34-41,共8页Journal of Shijiazhuang University

摘　　要：中国自2013年相继启动区域碳排放交易市场试点,近十年试点运行为全国碳交易市场制度的构建积累了大量理论和实践成功经验,但也难免存在制度不足。研究发现,天津和重庆在碳配额总量控制及分配、交易主体激励规则、履约制度、碳排放核算及会计制度、碳金融创新方面均有待完善;而上海及湖北在碳配额机制、履约管理、碳价干预及碳金融创新方面的制度实践值得借鉴。从2020年前后出台的全国碳交易市场核心配套文件来看,碳配额总量设定及分配细则、碳交易及管理细则、应对碳价失灵的配套制度方面存在一定不足。应渐进式统一碳配额实施细则,分阶段逐步扩大碳交易行业覆盖范围,结合市场激励要素引入市场稳定储备机制及配额临时调整机制,完善碳金融创新制度和碳核查制度,以促进中国碳交易制度的完善。Since 2013,China has launched pilot regional carbon emission trading markets,which have accumulated a lot of theoretical and practical successful experience in the construction of a national carbon trading market system,but there are inevitably institutional shortcomings.Study finds that Tianjin and Chongqing still need to improve their carbon quota control and allocation,incentive rules for trading entities,compliance systems,carbon accounting and accounting systems,and carbon financial innovation,while Shanghai and Hubei have made worthwhile reference to their carbon quota mechanisms,compliance management,carbon price intervention and carbon financial innovation.In terms of the core supporting documents for the national carbon trading market issued around 2020,there are certain shortcomings in the rules for setting and allocating the total amount of carbon quotas,the rules for carbon trading and management,and the supporting systems for dealing with carbon price failures.The implementation rules for carbon quotas should be gradually unified,the coverage of carbon trading industries should be gradually expanded in phases,a market stabilisation reserve mechanism and a temporary adjustment mechanism for quotas should be introduced in conjunction with market incentives,and the carbon financial innovation system and carbon verification system should be improved in order to facilitate the improvement of China's carbon trading system.

关 键 词：碳交易市场 区域试点 制度困境 经验总结 制度完善 

分 类 号：F832.45[经济管理—金融学]