顾及地形的水体提取及其在青藏高原的应用  

Water Body Extraction Considering Terrain and Its Application in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

作　　者：洪宸 王猛猛 朱芙瑶 HONG Chen;WANG Mengmeng;ZHU Fuyao(School of Li Siguang,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China;School of Geography and Information Engineering,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China;School of Geophysics and Geomatics,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)李四光学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)地理与信息工程学院,湖北武汉430074 [3]中国地质大学(武汉)地球物理与空间信息学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《地理空间信息》2022年第7期43-47,共5页Geospatial Information

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61801443)。

摘　　要：研究水体提取及其时空变化对于指导人类生产活动具有重要意义。青藏高原是亚洲乃至世界最大的“江河源”,其水资源对区域生态环境具有重要影响。提出了一种顾及地形效应的水体提取方法,利用青藏高原地区2000—2020年的遥感影像,提取了青藏高原近20年的水体面积,分析了其时空变化特征,并探究了其动态变化的气候驱动因素。结果表明:①该水体提取方法具有较好的合理性与精确性;②2000—2020年青藏高原地区水体覆盖面积呈波动上升趋势,水体面积(包含季节性水体和永久水体)由约5.39万km^(2)变化为约6.26万km^(2);③20年来青藏高原水体覆盖面积与温度显著相关,蒸散量在统计上与青藏高原地区水体面积无显著相关关系。研究结果可为青藏高原生态环境保护与治理提供重要参考。The study of water body extraction and spatio-temporal change is of great significance for guiding human production activities.The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the largest“river source”in Asia and even the world,water resources have an important impact on the regional ecological environment.In this paper,we proposed a water body extraction method considering the terrain.We extracted the water bodies of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from 2000 to 2020 with remote sensing images,and analyzed the spatio-temporal changes of water bodies.And then,we explored the climatic drivers of its dynamic changes.The results show that①this water body extraction method has better rationality and accuracy.②From 2000 to 2020,the water bodies in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau showed a fluctuating upward trend,and it(including seasonal water bodies and permanent water bodies)changed from about 53900 km^(2) to about 62600 km^(2).③In the past 20 years,the water bodies had a significant correlation with temperature,and evapotranspiration has no statistically significant correlation with the water bodies.The research results can provide an important reference for ecological environment protection and governance of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

关 键 词：遥感 青藏高原 水体 时空变化 气候 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]