影响海南岛的热带气旋强度和路径的主要特征(1949—2020年)  

Characteristics of tropical cyclone activities over Hainan Island in 1949—2020

作　　者：吴佳妮 樊晶 李勋[1,2] 邢彩盈[4] WU Jiani;FAN Jing;LI Xun;XING Caiying(Hainan Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation in South China Sea,Haikou 570203;Hainan Meteorological Observatory,Haikou,Hainan 570203;PLA Unit 63796,Haikou,Hainan 571126;Hainan Climate Center,Haikou,Hainan 570203,China)

机构地区：[1]海南省南海气象防灾减灾重点实验室,海口570203 [2]海南省气象台,海口570203 [3]63796部队,海口571126 [4]海南省气候中心,海口570203

出　　处：《热带生物学报》2022年第4期339-347,共9页Journal of Tropical Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U21A6001);海南省气象局融合发展科研专项(HNQXRH202101)。

摘　　要：为了探索影响登陆海南岛热带气旋(TC)的基本规律,助力防灾减灾及热带高效农业高质量发展,利用中国气象局1949—2020年TC最佳路径数据集,对影响及登陆海南岛TC强度和路径主要特征进行统计分析。结果表明:(1)影响海南岛TC的数量下降趋势明显,平均每10 a下降4.857个,其中热带低压和台风强度等级以上的TC下降趋势最明显,登陆海南岛TC数量下降趋势不显著,影响海南岛的TS数量则呈明显上升趋势;(2)6—10月是TC登陆海南岛的频发期,9月达到频数峰值;(3)影响海南岛较弱强度TC的生成源地大部分位于南海东北部海面,较强TC主要源自菲律宾以东至加罗林群岛之间的洋面;(4)TC登陆海南岛后重新入海,平均历时10.8 h。TC登陆海南岛时强度越弱(强),越有可能在穿越海南岛时强度维持(衰减)。Characteristics of tropical cyclone(TC)activities over Hainan Island in 1949—2020 are statistically analyzed by using the data from the Best Track Dataset for Tropical Cyclones(1949—2020)compiled by Shanghai Tropical Cyclones Institute of the China Meteorological Administration(CMA-STI).Results show that the TCs affecting Hainan Island tended to decrease remarkably,with about 4.857 TCs per decade,especially in the categories of tropical depression and typhoon or higher.The TCs landing Hainan tended to decline slightly,whereas the TCs affecting Hainan tended to increase obviously.TCs landed Hainan frequently in between June to October,with the peak in September.Most TC activities were concentrated at the southeastern part of Hainan Island.The weaker TCs were generated mostly in the northeastern South China Sea while the stronger TCs mostly in between the east of the Philippines and the Caroline Islands.The duration time from a TC landfall to re-entry into the ocean was 10.8 hour on average.The weak(strong)TCs landing Hainan Island were likely to keep(lose)their strength when they crossed the Island.

关 键 词：热带气旋 登陆 强度 路径 频数 海南岛 

分 类 号：P444[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]