河南中东部强降雪物理量特征统计分析  

Physical Quantity Characteristics of Heavy Snowfall in Central and Eastern Henan

作　　者：王其英 冀翠华 刘琛[3] 王金兰 WANG Qiying;JI Cuihua;LIU Chen;WANG Jinlan(Kaifeng Meteorological Bureau,Kaifeng 475004,China;China Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation,Kaifeng 475004,China;Harbin Institute of Technology Weihai,Weihai 264209,China;Xinxiang Meteorological Bureau,Xinxiang 45300,China)

机构地区：[1]开封市气象局,河南开封475004 [2]开封市气象防灾减灾重点实验室,河南开封475004 [3]哈尔滨工业大学(威海),山东威海264209 [4]新乡市气象局,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2022年第3期24-29,共6页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：河南省气象局面上项目(KM202026);开封市科技发展计划项目(2003059)。

摘　　要：利用高空、地面资料以及NCEP 1°×1°再分析资料,分析2010—2019年河南中东部15个强降雪个例的热力、水汽、动力等物理量特征。结果表明:强降雪前0~6 h,对流层中下层的暖湿气流越厚,对应降雪量越大,且低层需要一定强度的冷空气。大气可降水量(TPW)对于预报降雪量的大小有较好的指示意义,大雪、暴雪和大暴雪的必要水汽条件分别是TPW≥10 mm、10.5、16。400 hPa以下最大垂直上升速度的均值和降雪量级呈近似线性关系,最大垂直上升速度越强,对应降雪量越大。雨转雪时,对流层中下层温度层结可分为常规型、低层强冷型和低层直温型。Based on the upper-air and surface data and NCEP 1°×1°reanalysis data,the characteristic physical quantity(dynamic,thermal,water vapor,etc.)of 15 heavy snowfall processes in central and eastern Henan Province from 2010 to 2019 were analyzed.The results show that 0-6 h before the heavy snowfall,the thicker the warm and wet airflow in the middle and lower troposphere,the greater the snowfall,and there is a certain intensity of cold air in the lower layer.Total atmospheric precipitable water(TPW)is a good indicator for predicting snowfall.TPW≥10 mm,10.5 mm,16 mm are the necessary conditions for heavy snow,torrential snow and severe torrential snow respectively.The mean value of the maximum vertical rising velocity below 400 hPa has a nearly linear relationship with the snowfall magnitude,and the stronger the maximum vertical rise velocity,the greater the snowfall respectively.When the rain turns to snow,the temperature stratification in the middle and lower layers of the troposphere can be divided into conventional type,low-level strong cooling type and low-level direct temperature type.

关 键 词：强降雪 TPW 物理量 统计特征 雨转雪 

分 类 号：P426.63[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]