“益生菌”提高难采稠油采收率机理与技术实践  

Mechanism and technical practice of enhancing oil recovery of hard-to-recover heavy oil reservoirs with probiotics

作　　者：束青林[1] 胡婧[2] 林军章[2] 郑昕[1] 孙刚正 丁明山 陈子慧 SHU Qinglin;HU Jing;LIN Junzhang;ZHENG Xin;SUN Gangzheng;DING Mingshan;CHEN Zihui(Shengli Oilfield Company,SINOPEC,Dongying City,Shandong Province,257000,China;Institute of Petroleum Engineering and Technology,Shengli Oilfield Company,SINOPEC,Dongying City,Shandong Province,257000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化胜利油田分公司,山东东营257000 [2]中国石化胜利油田分公司石油工程技术研究院,山东东营257000

出　　处：《油气地质与采收率》2022年第4期76-82,共7页Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency

基　　金：中国石化重点科技攻关项目“水驱稠油微生物驱技术研究及示范应用”(P18087)和“普通稠油微生物复合驱油技术研究”(P21020)。

摘　　要：胜利油区大部分稠油油藏已进入中高含水开发阶段,急需转变开发方式。微生物采油技术利用微生物菌体及其生长代谢活动在油藏原位作用原油及储层,针对性解决多轮次热采、低效水驱、深层稠油及敏感稠油等难采稠油油藏开发难题。近5 a在胜利油区针对难采稠油油藏微生物提高采收率技术开展攻关研究,揭示了微生物乳化嗜烃降黏、生物多糖增黏调驱、生物产气助驱、界面改性减阻及改性矿物防膨等5大微生物采油机理,并在此基础上建立了稠油油藏微生物群落基因定量解析、原位嗜烃类驱油功能菌高效激活、生物特征预测生产动态变化及生物场动态调控4项关键技术。研究成果在胜利油区15个低效稠油油藏区块开展现场应用,均取得明显降水增油效果,已提高采收率3%以上。该技术在难采稠油油藏的成功推广证实微生物采油技术在稠油转换开发方式上的巨大应用潜力,是老油田转换开发方式、提质增效的革命性技术,推广前景广阔。As most of the heavy oil reservoirs in Shengli Oilfield enter the development stage of medium and high water cut,it is imperative to change the development mode.Microbial enhanced oil recovery(MEOR)technology can specifically tackle the difficulties in the exploitation of hard-to-recover heavy oil reservoirs,such as multiple rounds of thermal recov⁃ery,low efficiency of water flooding,deep heavy oil,and sensitive heavy oil reservoirs,through the in-situ action on crude oils and reservoirs by microorganisms and their growth and metabolism.In the past five years,research was conducted on the MEOR technology for hard-to-recover heavy oil reservoirs in Shengli Oilfield,and major mechanisms of MEOR were revealed,including degradation of heavy components by hydrocarbon-philic emulsifying microorganisms to reduce oil vis⁃cosity,viscosity increase by biopolysaccharides to regulate oil displacement,biogas production assisted oil displacement,interface modification to reduce flow resistance of oil,and swelling prevention by modified minerals.On this basis,four key technologies were developed,i.e.,quantitative gene analysis of microbial community in heavy oil reservoirs,high-efficiency activation of in-situ hydrocarbon-philic microorganisms for oil displacement,prediction of production performance with mi⁃crobial characteristics,and changing biological field by injection-production regulation.The research results were applied on site in 15 low-efficiency heavy oil reservoir blocks in Shengli Oilfield,all of which were highly effective in oil produc⁃tion increase and water cut reduction,with enhanced oil recovery(EOR)more than 3%.The successful promotion of MEOR technology in hard-to-recover heavy oil reservoirs confirms its huge application potential in the conversion and development of heavy oil reservoirs.It is a revolutionary technology for the conversion and development of mature oilfields,quality improvement,and efficiency enhancement,showing broad promotion prospects.

关 键 词：难采稠油 “益生菌”微生物 提高采收率 机理与技术 矿场实践 

分 类 号：TE345[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]