基于Archard磨损理论的盘形制动修正指数优化  

Optimization of Disc Braking Correction Indexes Based on Archard Wear Theory

作　　者：周素霞 雷振宇[1,2] 秦震 牛留斌 白小玉 王君艳 ZHOU Suxia;LEI Zhenyu;QIN Zhen;NIU Liubin;BAI Xiaoyu;WANG Junyan(School of Mechanical-Electronic and Vehicle Engineering,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Performance Guarantee on Urban Rail Transit Vehicles,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China;Standards&Metrology Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;Infrastructure Inspection Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学机电与车辆工程学院,北京100044 [2]北京建筑大学城市轨道交通车辆服役性能保障北京市重点实验室,北京100044 [3]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司标准计量研究所,北京100081 [4]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司基础设施检测研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2022年第4期129-138,共10页China Railway Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51975038);北京市自然科学基金资助项目(19L00001)。

摘　　要：基于Archard磨损理论,以磨损率计算公式的修正指数(压力指数m和速度指数n)作为研究磨损和摩擦应力的响应参数,利用ANSYS有限元软件,建立制动盘-闸片简化模型;通过Box-Behnken试验设计方法和最小二乘法,拟合出影响Archard磨损模型修正指数的目标函数响应面模型,对轨道列车盘形制动磨损行为进行非线性分析,并约束制动盘接触应力和摩擦应力,制定修正指数优化原则;分析制动初速度和压力对制动盘磨损的影响。结果表明:速度指数n对列车磨损值影响较大,模型优化后的最优修正指数为压力指数m=0.97、速度指数n=0.96,基本满足磨粒磨损试验理论值m=n=1;施加不同的制动压力和制动初速度时,制动盘表面摩擦应力和磨损深度在摩擦半径处呈周向递减,制动初速度对制动盘摩擦应力影响不大;当制动盘在较大制动压力作用下时,盘面出现严重挤压,摩擦应力随之增大。Based on the Archard wear theory,the correction indexes(pressure index m and velocity index n)obtained by wear rate calculation are taken as the response parameters of wear and friction stress,and a simplified brake disc-brake pad model is established using the finite element software ANSYS.Through the Box-Behnken experimental design method and the least square method,the response surface model of the objective function that affects the correction indexes of the Archard wear model is fitted.This paper carries out a nonlinear analysis for the wear behavior of the disc braking of railway vehicles,constrains the contact stress and friction stress of the brake disc and formulates the principle of correction index optimization.The effects of initial braking speed and pressure on the brake disc wear are analyzed.The results show that the speed index n has a relatively large effect on the vehicle wear.The optimal correction index after the model optimization shows the pressure index m=0.97 and the speed index n=0.96,which mostly satisfies the theoretical value of the abrasive wear test m=n=1.When different braking pressures and initial braking speeds are applied to the brake discs,the friction stress and wear depth of the brake disc surface descend in a circumferential direction at the friction radius,while the initial braking speed has little effect on the brake disc friction stress.When the brake disc is subjected to a large braking pressure,the disc surface is severely extruded,therefore resulting in an increase in friction stress.

关 键 词：盘形制动 Archard磨损理论 修正指数 压力指数 速度指数 响应面模型 优化原则 

分 类 号：U270.35[机械工程—车辆工程]