5.835 GHz微带阵列天线的设计  

The design of 5.835 GHz microstrip array antenna

作　　者：朱福冉 吴爱婷[1] 张鹏泉 张忠海[1] 官伯然[1] ZHU Furan;WU Aiting;ZHANG Pengquan;ZHANG Zhonghai;GUAN Boran(School of Electronics and Information,Hangzhou Dianzi University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州电子科技大学,杭州310018

出　　处：《电波科学学报》2022年第3期512-517,共6页Chinese Journal of Radio Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61501153,61801153)

摘　　要：为了降低目前电子不停车收费(electronic toll collection,ETC)系统中存在的邻道干扰、跟车干扰等问题,设计了一种5.835 GHz的微带阵列天线.首先使用对方形贴片切角的方式实现了天线的圆极化,然后通过对4个天线单元运用旋转与相位补偿的方式进行了轴比(axial ratio,AR)带宽的提升,并最终以改进后的4单元作为微带阵列天线的辐射单元.在低旁瓣和高定向方面,本文基于道尔夫-切比雪夫幅度分布的方法进行了不等幅馈电的馈电网络设计.通过大量的电磁仿真,最终确定了天线的最优结构,并进行了实物加工和测量.实测结果表明,阻抗带宽为5.67~5.88 GHz,在5.7~5.9 GHz频段内,增益大于15 dB,AR小于3 dB,E面半功率波瓣宽度小于12°,实测结果与仿真结果具有较好的一致性.该天线具有低旁瓣、圆极化、高定向的特点,为ETC系统路侧单元阵列天线提供了一种新颖的天线结构.In order to reduce the adjacent channel interference and car following interference in the current electronic toll collection ETC system, a 5.835 GHz microstrip array antenna is designed. In this paper, the circular polarization of the antenna is realized by cutting the square patch angle. To improve the axial ratio bandwidth, four antenna elements are compensated by means of rotation and phase compensation. The improved antenna elements are used as the radiation elements of the microstrip array antenna. In terms of low sidelobe and high orientation, the paper designs a feed network with unequal amplitude feeding based on the Dolf-Chebyshev method of amplitude distribution.Through a large number of electromagnetic simulation, the optimal structure of the antenna is finally determined, and the physical processing and measurement are carried out. The measured results show that the impedance bandwidth is5.67-5.88 GHz, the gain is greater than 15 dB, the axial ratio is less than 3 dB, and the E-plane half power lobe width is less than 12 degrees in the 5.7-5.9 GHz frequency band. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulation results. The antenna has the characteristics of low sidelobe, circular polarization and high orientation, which provides a novel antenna structure for the roadside unit array antenna of electronic toll collection system.

关 键 词：ETC 路侧单元(RSU) 低旁瓣 宽轴比(AR)带宽 高定向 微带阵列天线 

分 类 号：TN820[电子电信—信息与通信工程]