长杆弹超高速侵彻砂浆靶临界速度的实验和计算  

Experiment and Calculation of Critical Velocity of Long-rod Projectile Penetrating Mortar Target at Hypervelocity

作　　者：姚志彦 李金柱[1] 齐凯丽 徐杨 黄风雷[1] YAO Zhiyan;LI Jinzhu;QI Kaili;XU Yang;HUANG Fenglei(State Key Lab of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《兵工学报》2022年第7期1578-1588,共11页Acta Armamentarii

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11472052)。

摘　　要：为了研究高强度合金钢长杆弹超高速侵彻砂浆混凝土靶时侵彻深度发生逆减的临界速度,开展了30CrMnSiNi2A长杆弹以初速度1381~1879 m/s侵彻半无限砂浆混凝土靶的实验。实验结果表明:靶板的开坑直径、开坑深度、开坑体积以及弹道孔径与侵彻速度呈近似线性关系;当侵彻速度小于1724 m/s时,侵彻深度随速度的增大而增大;当侵彻速度大于1724 m/s时,侵彻深度随速度的增大而减小;当速度为1724 m/s时,侵彻深度达到最大。靶板的剖分结果显示:当长杆弹超高速侵彻靶板时,弹体着靶时微小的倾角会导致侵彻弹道发生严重的偏转,呈现为“J”字形弹道。基于实验结果,在考虑长杆弹头部变形的基础上利用修正的A-T模型,得到了长杆弹超高速侵彻砂浆混凝土靶时侵彻深度发生逆减的临界速度,分析了不同的弹靶参数对临界速度的影响,并结合实验数据,验证了理论模型的可靠性。A high-strength alloy steel long-rod projectile of 30CrMnSini2A was tested at speeds of 1381 m/s~1879 m/s into a semi-infinite mortar concrete target to determine the critical velocity for reverse decrement of penetration depth.The results show an approximate linear relationship between the penetration velocity and crater diameter,crater depth,crater volume,and ballistic aperture.When the penetration velocity is lower than 1724 m/s,penetration depth increases with increasedvelocity;when it is higher than 1724 m/s,penetration depth decreases with increased velocity.Penetration depth reaches its maximum when the velocity reaches 1724 m/s.Target dissection results show that when the long-rod projectile penetrates the target at hypervelocity,the smallhitting attitude of the projectile leads to a serious deflection in the penetration trajectory,which is a“J”shape.Based on the experimental results,the modified A-T model is used to determinethe critical velocity at which the penetration depth of the long-rod projectile decreases when the long-rod projectile penetrates the mortar target at hypervelocity,to analyze the influence of different projectile and target parameters on the critical velocity,and to verify the validity of the theoretical model based on experimental data.

关 键 词：超高速侵彻 长杆弹 侵彻弹道 A-T模型 临界速度 

分 类 号：O385[理学—流体力学]