养猪废水处理工艺对耐药基因迁移影响研究进展  

Research progress on transfer effect of antibiotic resistance gene in swine wastewater treatment process

作　　者：杨礼震 刘天琪 王禄禄 曹芸芸 周文兵[1] 肖乃东[1] 蔡建波[1] YANG Lizhen;LIU Tianqi;WANG Lulu;CAO Yunyun;ZHOU Wenbing;XIAO Naidong;CAI Jianbo(College of Resources and Environment,Huazhong Agricultural University/The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production Co-Sponsored by Province and Ministry,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学资源与环境学院/生猪健康养殖省部共建协同创新中心,武汉430070

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2022年第4期1-9,共9页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFF0213503-1)。

摘　　要：生猪养殖是环境中抗生素耐药基因(antibiotic resistance genes,ARGs)的重要来源之一,而养猪废水的排放是ARGs进入环境的主要渠道。目前,养猪废水中ARGs排放所导致的环境效应尚不明晰,同时,不同养猪废水处理工艺对于ARGs去除的相关研究尚处于起始阶段,需要进行更加深入、细致的研究,以及探索减少养猪废水中ARGs丰度的养殖废水处理方法。本文综述了养猪场内ARGs从产生到进入环境的过程以及当前ARGs污染情况和研究现状,从不同的污水处理法(厌氧生物处理法、好氧生物处理法、物理化学法、人工湿地法)出发,重点介绍养猪场污水处理工艺中ARGs的分布和去除效果,认为物理化学法是消减养猪废水中ARGs污染问题最具前景的处理方式。最后,基于目前养猪废水处理工艺在去除ARGs存在的不足,提出了优化处理工艺措施并强化各工艺间ARGs监测的可行性建议。Antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in the aquatic environment have become one of the global health problems,and swine farm is one of the most important sources of ARGs in the environment,and the discharge of swine wastewater is the main channel for ARGs to enter the environment.At present,the environmental effect of ARGs from swine wastewater is not clear,the research on ARGs removal by different swine wastewater treatment processes is still in the initial stage,which needs more in-depth and detailed study to explore treatment methods that could reduce the abundance of ARGs in swine wastewater.In this paper,the process of ARGs from production to entry into the environment and the current status of ARGs pollution in swine farms were reviewed.The distribution and removal efficiency of ARGs in swine wastewater treatment processes were introduced with emphasis on different wastewater treatment methods(activated sludge method,anaerobic biological treatment method,physical and chemical method,constructed wetland method),and it was concluded that physical and chemical method is the most promising way to reduce ARGs pollution in swine farming environment.The researchers also gained insight into treatments that might reduce the amount of ARGs in swine wastewater.This paper summarized the occurrence and transmission of ARGs in the process of swine reproduction.The distribution,migration and transformation of antibiotic resistance genes in swine wastewater during different treatment processes were analyzed,and the mechanism of environmental factors affecting its transmission was elucidated.Finally,based on the shortcomings of the current pig wastewater treatment process in the removal of ARGs,the feasible suggestions of optimizing the treatment process and strengthening the monitoring of ARGs in each process were put forward.

关 键 词：抗性基因 抗生素 基因迁移 养猪废水 养猪场 处理工艺 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]