Morphable three-dimensional electronic mesofliers capable of on-demand unfolding  

按需展开的可变形三维电子介观飞行器

作　　者：Ziyao Ji Jianzhong Zhao Honglie Song Shiwei Xu Wenbo Pang Xiaonan Hu Fan Zhang Tianqi Jin Yumeng Shuai Yu Lan Di Cheng Wenwen Man Renheng Bo Zhaoguo Xue Yihui Zhang 籍梓垚;赵建中;宋洪烈;徐世威;庞文博;胡笑男;张帆;金天棨;帅雨萌;兰宇;程頔;满文文;柏韧恒;薛兆国;张一慧(Department of Engineering Mechanics,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Center for Flexible Electronics Technology,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Institute of Solid Mechanics,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]Department of Engineering Mechanics,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China [2]Center for Flexible Electronics Technology,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China [3]Institute of Solid Mechanics,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China

出　　处：《Science China Materials》2022年第8期2309-2318,共10页中国科学（材料科学（英文版）

基　　金：support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12050004 and 11921002);the Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology,and a grant from the Institute for Guo Qiang,Tsinghua University(2019GQG1012);support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11902178);the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality(3204043);China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M650648);support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61904095)。

摘　　要：Development of miniaturized three-dimensional(3 D)fliers with integrated functional components has important implications to a diverse range of engineering areas.Among the various active and passive miniaturized 3 D fliers reported previously,a class of 3 D electronic fliers inspired by wind-dispersed seeds show promising potentials,owing to the lightweight and noiseless features,aside from the stable rotational fall associated with a low falling velocity.While on-demand shape-morphing capabilities are essential for those 3 D electronic fliers,the realization of such miniaturized systems remains very challenging,due to the lack of fast-response 3 D actuators that can be seamlessly integrated with 3 D electronic fliers.Here we develop a type of morphable3 D mesofliers with shape memory polymer(SMP)-based electrothermal actuators,capable of large degree of actuation deformations,with a fast response(e.g.,~1 s).Integration of functional components,including sensors,controllers,and chip batteries,enables development of intelligent 3 D mesoflier systems that can achieve the on-demand unfolding,triggered by the processing of real-time sensed information(e.g.,acceleration and humidity data).Such intelligent electronic mesofliers are capable of both the low-air-drag rising and the low-velocity falling,and thereby,can be used to measure the humidity fields in a wide 3 D space by simple hand throwing,according to our demonstrations.The developed electronic mesofliers can also be integrated with other types of physical/chemical sensors for uses in different application scenarios.集成功能器件的三维(3D)微型飞行器在工程领域多个方面都具有重要意义.在近期报道的各种主动和被动型三维微型飞行器中,一类由风传种子启发的三维飞行器因其具备低速自旋稳定下落、超轻、静音等特点,显示出巨大的应用潜力.具备按需形状重构的能力对于这类三维飞行器至关重要,然而由于缺乏可与三维飞行器无缝集成的快速响应驱动器,制造这类智能微型飞行器系统仍然具有挑战.在这项研究工作中,我们开发了一种基于形状记忆聚合物(SMP)电热驱动器的可变形三维介观飞行器,其能够实现较大驱动变形和快速响应(~1 s).通过集成传感器、控制器和微型锂电池等功能器件,我们开发了一种智能三维介观飞行器系统.该系统通过实时处理感知的信息(如加速度和湿度数据)以实现按需展开.这种智能电子介观飞行器具备低阻上升和低速下降的能力,本文演示了通过简单的投掷测量广阔空间的湿度场分布.此外,这种智能三维介观飞行器还可以集成其他类型的物理/化学传感器以适应不同的应用场景.

关 键 词：bioinspired mesofliers mechanically guided 3D assembly shape morphing low-air-drag throwing low-velocity falling flexible electronics 

分 类 号：V279.2[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]