长株潭城区8月VOCs污染特征及来源分析  

Characteristics and Source Apportionment of Volatile Organic Compounds in August in the Chang-Zhu-Tan Urban Area

作　　者：罗达通 张青梅[1] 刘湛[1] 尤翔宇[1] 黄杰 宋云飞 张敬巧[2] LUO Da-tong;ZHANG Qing-mei;LIU Zhan;YOU Xiang-yu;HUANG Jie;SONG Yun-fei;ZHANG Jing-qiao(Engineering and Technical Center of Hunan Provincial Environmental Protection for Air Pollution Control,Hunan Research Academy of Environmental Protection,Changsha410004,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省环境保护科学研究院湖南省环境保护大气复合污染防治工程技术中心,长沙410004 [2]中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学》2022年第7期3463-3472,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：湖南省重点领域研发计划项目(2019SK2071)。

摘　　要：于2020年8月18~27日在长沙、株洲和湘潭这3市,使用罐采样方法开展了大气挥发性有机物(VOCs)连续采集,并使用GC/FID/MSD分析了106种VOCs物种浓度,开展区域VOCs污染特征、生成潜势和来源解析研究.结果表明,长株潭区域φ(VOCs)平均值为(20.5±10.5)×10^(-9),其中OVOCs(33.5%)和烷烃(28.2%)所占质量分数较高;VOCs的臭氧生成潜势(OFP)平均值为118.5μg·m^(-3),芳香烃、烯烃和OVOCs对OFP的贡献率分别为37.4%、24.2%和23.6%;VOCs的二次有机气溶胶生成潜势(SOA_(p))平均值为0.5μg·m^(-3),芳香烃对SOA_(p)的贡献率达97.0%,其中C8类芳香烃贡献率为41.7%,甲苯、间/对-二甲苯和邻-二甲苯是对OFP和SOA_(p)有显著贡献的共同优势物种.特征比值结果表明长沙VOCs受工业过程和溶剂使用影响相对较大,而株洲和湘潭受煤和生物质燃烧影响相对较多;PMF解析结果显示,VOCs主要来源于机动车尾气及油气挥发(27.2%)、煤和生物质燃烧(23.7%)、工业过程(20.4%)、溶剂使用(17.2%)和天然源(11.5%),机动车排放、油气挥发和燃烧源为重点关注对象.Continuous sampling using the tank sampling method were conducted in Changsha,Zhuzhou,and Xiangtan cities from August 18 to 27,2020,and 106 VOCs species were analyzed using GC-MS analysis.Then,the regional VOCs concentrations,generation potential,and source of VOCs were studied.The results showed that the averageφ(VOCs)was(20.5±10.5)×10^(-9) in the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan area,in which OVOCs(33.5%)and alkanes(28.2%)accounted for the highest proportion.The ozone formation potential(OFP)of VOCs was 118.5μg·m^(-3),and the contributions of aromatic hydrocarbons,olefin,and OVOCs to OFP were 37.4%,24.2%,and 23.6%,respectively.The average secondary organic aerosol formation potential(SOA_(p))of the VOCs was 0.5μg·m^(-3),and the contribution of aromatic hydrocarbons to SOA_(p) was 97.0%,among which C8 aromatic hydrocarbons contributed 41.7%.Toluene,m/p-xylene,and o-xylene were the common dominant species that contributed significantly to OFP and SOA_(p).The characteristic ratio results showed that VOCs in Changsha were relatively influenced by industrial processes and solvent use,whereas Zhuzhou and Xiangtan were more affected by coal and biomass combustion.The PMF results showed that the VOCs mainly came from vehicle exhaust and oil and gas volatilization(27.2%),coal and biomass combustion(23.7%),industrial processes(20.4%),solvent use(17.2%),and natural sources(11.5%)in the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan area.

关 键 词：长株潭 挥发性有机物(VOCs) 臭氧生成潜势(OFP) 二次有机气溶胶生成潜势(SOA_(p)) 来源解析 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]