新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下大学生社会支持与创伤后应激症状的关系:控制感与回避型应对策略的链式多重中介作用  

Relationship between college students’social support and post-traumatic stress symptoms in a pandemic:Chained multiple mediating effects of sense of control and avoidance coping strategies

作　　者：廖文娜 罗向晗 叶增杰 LIAO Wenna;LUO Xianghan;YE Zengjie(Public Teaching Department of Open University of Guangdong,Guangzhou 510091,China)

机构地区：[1]广东开放大学公共教学部,510091 [2]广州中医药大学护理学院

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2022年第6期914-920,共7页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(编号:71904033)。

摘　　要：目的:了解新冠肺炎疫情爆发期大学生创伤后应激症状(PTSS)的发生特点,并探讨控制感和回避型应对策略在社会支持与创伤后应激症状之间的中介作用,为疫情下大学生的心理干预工作提供实践指导。方法:2020年2月,采用整群抽样法,使用领悟社会支持量表、创伤后应激障碍量表平民版、控制圈量表和自我报告应对量表对4635名大学生开展调查,并借助卡方分析、相关分析、结构方程模型分析等方法进行统计处理。结果:(1)调查对象中,有一定程度PTSS的占11.78%,有较明显PTSS的占1.94%;不同性别和专业大学生的PTSS检出情况存在显著差异,女生出现一定程度PTSS的比例高于男生,出现较明显PTSS的比例低于男生(χ^(2)=11.725,P=0.003);理工科学生无明显PTSS的比例低于医药类学生,出现较明显PTSS的比例高于医药类学生(χ^(2)=12.199,P=0.016)。(2)社会支持与PTSS、控制感、内化和外化应对策略两两之间均呈显著相关(r=0.064~0.502,P<0.01)。(3)社会支持既直接负向预测PTSS,又通过控制感、内化、外化间接预测PTSS,间接效应占总效应的75.2%;控制感与内化还在社会支持与PTSS间起到链式中介作用。结论:重大疫情导致部分大学生出现创伤后应激症状,而良好的社会支持和控制感,以及恰当的应对策略,有利于减轻疫情对大学生心理造成的不利影响。Objective:To investigate the characteristics of post-traumatic stress symptoms(PTSS)in college students during the outbreak of the new crown pandemic,and the mediating role of control and avoidance coping strategies between social support and post-traumatic stress symptoms,so as to provide practical guidance for college students’psychological intervention.Methods:In February 2020,a survey of 4635 college students was conducted with luster sampling,using the Perceived Social Support Scale,Civilian Version of the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Scale,Spheres of Control Scale and Self-Report Coping Scale,and the Chi-square analysis.Correlation analysis and structural equation modeling analysis were done for statistical processing.Results:(1)Among the survey respondents,11.78%had PTSS to a certain degree,and 1.94%had obvious PTSS.There were significant differences in the detection of PTSS among college students of different genders and majors.The proportion of female students with a certain degree of PTSS was higher than that of males,but the proportion of female students with more obvious PTSS was lower than that of males(χ^(2)=11.725,P<0.05);The proportion of science and engineering students without obvious PTSS was lower than that of medical students,yet the proportion of science and engineering students with more obvious PTSS was higher than that of medical students(χ^(2)=12.199,P<0.05).(2)Social support,PTSS,sense of control,internalization and externalization were significantly correlated with each other(r=0.064~0.502,P<0.01).(3)Social support not only directly predicted PTSS negatively,but also indirectly predicted PTSS through the sense of control,internalization,and externalization;the indirect effect accounted for 75.2% of the total effect;sense of control and internalization played a chain mediating effect between social support and PTSS.Conclusion:The pandemic has caused some college students to develop post-traumatic stress symptoms,and sufficient social support and sense of control,as well as appropr

关 键 词：重大疫情 社会支持 创伤后应激症状 控制感 应对策略 

分 类 号：R395.9[哲学宗教—心理学]