广西香花油茶炭疽病病原菌鉴定及生物学特性  

Identification and biological characteristics of the pathogen of Camellia osmantha Ye CX,Ma JL et Ye H anthracnose in Guangxi

作　　者：廖旺姣[1] 韦维[1] 邹东霞[1] 钟雅婷[1] 罗辑[1] 叶航[1] LIAO Wang-jiao;WEI Wei;ZOU Dong-xia;ZHONG Ya-ting;LUO Ji;YE Hang(Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Non-Timber Forest Cultivation&Utilization/Guangxi Engineering Research Center of Forest Pests Natural Enemies Breeding,Nanning 530002,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院/广西特色经济林培育与利用重点实验室/广西林业有害生物天敌繁育工程技术研究中心,南宁530002

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2022年第6期1340-1347,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西创新驱动发展专项(桂科AA17204058-9);广西特色经济林培育与利用重点实验室自主课题(19-A-02-01)。

摘　　要：【目的】鉴定广西香花油茶炭疽病病原菌,掌握其生物学特性,为抗病油茶品种选育提供参考依据。【方法】采集广西南宁市、来宾市和崇左市香花油茶林地典型炭疽病样品,以组织分离法和柯赫氏法获得致病菌株,依据病原菌形态特征描述和病原菌核糖体内转录间隔区(ITS)、肌动蛋白(ACT)、几丁质合成酶(CHS1)和3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶(GPDH)多基因分子系统学分析结果进行鉴定,并采用平板法测定病原菌的生物学特性。【结果】从广西南宁市、来宾市和崇左市3个地区香花油茶林地采集典型炭疽病样品中分离获得的76株炭疽菌属真菌,对健康香花油茶叶片均具有致病性,但致病力略有差异;代表菌株CXNN02、CXLB08和CXCZ09的离体接种病斑平均直径分别为6.48、6.39和5.20 mm,活体接种病斑比前者略小,分别为5.53、5.33和4.97 mm,以CXNN02菌株的致病力略强。菌株CXNN02在PDA培养基上菌落呈圆形,菌丝灰色至深灰色,气生菌丝茂盛,绒毛状,背面产生黑色色素;菌丝生长较快,平均生长速率为11.75 mm/d;分生孢子光滑,无色,单胞,圆柱状,顶端钝圆或略尖,大小为(13.30~20.67)μm×(3.39~7.48)μm;分生孢子附着胞浅褐色至褐色,单个或多个,圆形或近圆形,边缘完整,大小为(6.50~10.69)μm×(5.17~9.50)μm。对菌株CXNN02、CXLB08和CXCZ09进行形态学结合病原菌多位点基因系统发育进化树分析,确定核果炭疽菌(Colletotrichum fructicola)是广西香花油茶炭疽病病原菌。生物学特性测定结果显示,香花油茶炭疽病病原菌菌丝生长和产孢的最佳温度均为28℃,最适菌丝生长pH为4~5,最适产孢pH为6,菌丝生长的较佳碳源为D-麦芽糖、D-葡萄糖、D-果糖和D-木糖,最佳产孢碳源为乳糖,较佳氮源为牛肉膏、蛋白胨和酵母粉3种有机氮源,最佳产孢氮源为酵母粉;完全黑暗有利于香花油茶炭疽病病原菌菌丝生长和产孢。【结论】广西香花油茶炭疽病�【Objective】To identify the pathogen of anthracnose of Camellia osmantha Ye CX,Ma JL et Ye H in Guangxi,determine its biological characteristics,and provide disease reference basis for the selection and breeding of disease-resistant C.osmantha.【Method】Samples of typical anthracnose from C.osmantha forests in Nanning city,Laibin city and Chongzuo city were collected,and the pathogenic strains were obtained by tissue separation method and Koch’s rule.According to the description of the morphological characteristics of the pathogen and the multi gene molecular phylogenetic analysis of ribosomal transcription spacer(ITS),actin(ACT),chitin synthase(CHS1)and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GPDH),the pathogenic strains were identified,and the biological characteristics of the pathogen were determined by plate method.【Result】A total of 76 strains of Colletotrichum fungi were isolated from typical anthrax samples collected from C.osmantha woodlands in Nanning,Laibing and Chongzuo,Guangxi.The strains were pathogenic to healthy C.osmantha leaves,but the pathogenicity was slightly different.The average diameters of the inoculated spots of representative strains CXNN02,CXLB08 and CXCZ09 in vitro were 6.48,6.39 and 5.20 mm,respectively.The inoculated spots in vivo were slightly smaller than the former,which were 5.53,5.33 and 4.97 mm,respectively.The pathogenicity of CXNN02 strain was slightly stronger.The representative strain CXNN02 had a round colony on the PDA medium,and the hyphae were gray to dark gray,the aerial hyphae are lush,fluffy,and black pigment was produced on the back.The hyphae grow faster,with an average growth rate of 11.75 mm/d.The conidia were smooth,colorless,unicellular,cylindrical,with a blunt or slightly pointed tip,and the size was(13.30-20.67)μm×(3.39-7.48)μm.Appressorium of conidia was light brown to brown,single or multiple,round or nearly round,with complete edges,and the size was(6.50-10.69)μm×(5.17-9.50)μm.Through the analysis of the phylogenetic tree analysis of the

关 键 词：香花油茶 炭疽病 病原菌鉴定 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S763.15[农业科学—森林保护学]