基于微卫星标记的不同地区乌鳢和白化乌鳢群体遗传多样性研究  

Genetic diversity of northern snakehead(Channa argus)and Albino northern snakehead from different regions unveiled by the microsatellite markers

作　　者：张露 樊威 苏建 焦晓磊 周剑[1] 黄志鹏 赵瀚 赵仲孟 段元亮 李强[1] 杜军[1] 卓婷 苏全森 吴俊 罗煜 ZHANG Lu;FAN Wei;SU Jian;JIAO Xiao-lei;ZHOU Jian;HUANG Zhi-peng;ZHAO Han;ZHAO Zhong-meng;DUAN Yuan-liang;LI Qiang;DU Jun;ZHUO Ting;SU Quan-sen;WU Jun;LUO Yu(Fishery Institute of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu 611731,China;Neijiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Neijiang,Sichuan 641199,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院水产研究所,成都611731 [2]四川省内江市农业科学院,四川内江641199

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2022年第6期1455-1461,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-46);四川省科技计划项目(2021YFN0033);内江市科技计划项目(2020KJJH006)。

摘　　要：【目的】为了解7个不同地理位置的4个乌鳢(Channa argus)群体和3个白化乌鳢育成群体的群体遗传多样性和遗传分化特点。【方法】采用20对微卫星引物对4个乌鳢群体和3个白化乌鳢育成群体,共计350尾个体的微卫星位点进行了分型检测,分析了所有微卫星标记的多态性及遗传多样性信息,并分析了群体间遗传分化特点。【结果】所有20对微卫星引物共检测出356个等位基因,等位基因数(N_(a))介于4~40个,每个位点平均有17.8个等位基因。观测杂合度(H_(o))介于0.000~0.791,平均值为0.578;期望杂合度(H_(e))介于0.31~0.91,平均值为0.732;多态信息含量(PIC)介于0.271~0.901,平均值为0.700,且所有乌鳢群体的N_(a)、H_(o)、H_(e)、PIC均高于白化乌鳢群体。7个群体的遗传分化指数(F_(ST))在0.07876~0.40303,所有群体间的遗传分化均达显著水平(P<0.05)。将4个乌鳢群体和3个白化乌鳢群体分为两组进行分子方差分析(AMOVA),发现这几个群体的遗传变异主要来源于个体内,占遗传变异来源总量的69.65%。而UPGMA系统发育树聚类结果显示4个乌鳢群体和3个白化乌鳢群体分别被聚类到了2个独立分支上。【结论】本研究的3个白化乌鳢群体的遗传多样性均相对低于4个乌鳢,在繁育过程中应加强白化乌鳢遗传多样性保护,尽量避免近亲交配,本研究为乌鳢和白化乌鳢的遗传资源保护及综合利用提供理论依据。【Objective】The present paper aimed to analyze the genetic structure and variation of four Channa argus populations and three Albino Channa argus populations from different geographical locations.【Method】The DNA of 350 individuals in all populations was detected by 20 pairs of microsatellite primers.The polymorphism and genetic diversity of all microsatellite markers were analyzed.【Result】All 20 pairs of microsatellite primers detected a total of 356 alleles,the number of alleles(N_(a))ranged from 4 to 40,with an average of 17.8 alleles per locus.The observed heterozygosity(H_(o))was between 0.000 to 0.791,and the mean value was 0.578.The expected heterozygosity(H_(e))ranged from 0.31 to 0.91,with an average value of 0.732.The polymorphic information content(PIC)ranged from 0.271 to 0.901,and the average value was 0.700,the N_(a),H_(o),H_(e),and PIC of all the Channa argus populations were higher than those of the Albino Channa argus populations.The genetic differentiation index(F_(ST))of the seven populations ranged from 0.07876 to 0.40303,and the genetic differentiation among all populations reached significant level(P<0.05).We divided four Channa argus populations and three Albino Channa argus populations into two groups by molecular variance analysis(AMOVA),and found that the genetic variation of these groups was mainly from within individuals,accounting for 69.65%of the total genetic variation.The UPGMA hylogenetic tree showed that the Albino Channa argus and Channa argus were clustered into two independent clades.【Conclusion】In this study,the genetic diversity of four Channa argus populations was higher than three Albino Channa argus populations,the protection of genetic diversity of the three populations should be strengthened to avoid inbreeding..This study provides a theoretical basis for the protection and comprehensive utilization of genetic resources of Channa argus and Albino Channa argus.

关 键 词：乌鳢 白化乌鳢 微卫星 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]