蔷薇属植物抗性与叶片和花瓣超微结构相关性分析  

The analysis of the relationship between disease resistance and leaf and petal ultrastructure of Rosa plants

作　　者：郭艳红 晏慧君[2,3] 张婷 王其刚[2,3] 陈敏 周宁宁[2,3] 张颢 邱显钦[2] GUO Yan-hong;YAN Hui-jun;ZHANG Ting;WANG Qi-gang;CHEN Min;ZHOU Ning-ning;ZHANG Hao;QIU Xian-qin(School of Life Sciences,Yunnan University,Kunming 650091,Yunnan,China;Flower Research Institute of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,Yunnan,China;National Ornamental Horticultural Engineering Technology Research Center,Kunming 650205,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学生命科学学院,云南昆明650091 [2]云南省农业科学院花卉研究所,云南昆明650205 [3]国家观赏园艺工程技术研究中心,云南昆明650205

出　　处：《云南大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第4期852-858,共7页Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31860571);云南省农业重大科技专项(202102AF090052);云南省青年拔尖人才培养项目。

摘　　要：月季病害已成为其规模化生产的主要限制性因素之一,科学高效的抗病性鉴定方法可为抗病月季种质资源的筛选提供有力的技术支撑.以6份蔷薇属种质资源为实验材料,通过氯仿浸提法测定叶片蜡质含量,并利用电镜扫描观察不同种质材料的叶片和花瓣超微结构,对比分析月季抗病能力与蜡质含量及超微结构的关系.结果表明:高抗种质材料的蜡质含量均较易感种质高;气孔密度、气孔开合度均较易感种质低.因而,叶片蜡质含量、气孔密度及其开合度均可作为月季种质资源抗病性能力鉴定的形态结构初级指标.根据蜡质含量结果及其叶片和花瓣超微结构特征,可进行月季种质资源抗病性的早期鉴定,科学高效地筛选出不同抗病水平的月季种质资源,这对新种质资源的引进与开发利用以及杂交后代的抗病高效筛选提供了一定的科学理论依据.Rosa disease has become one of the main limiting factors for large-scale production.Therefore,a scientific and efficient identification method of disease resistance can provide strong technical support for the screening of Rosa germplasm resources.In this paper,six Rosa germplasm resources were used as experimental materials.The content of wax in leaves was determined by chloroform extraction and GC.The ultrastructure of leaves and petals of different germplasm materials were observed by scanning electron microscope.Then the relationship between disease resistance and wax content and ultrastructure of Rosa was analyzed.The results showed that the wax content of high resistance germplasm was higher than that of susceptible germplasm,and the stomatal density and stomatal opening and closing degree were lower than those of susceptible germplasm.Therefore,leaf wax content,stomatal density and opening and closing degree can be used as the primary indexes of morphological structure for identification of disease resistance ability of Rosa germplasm resources.According to the results of wax content and the ultrastructural characteristics of leaves and petals of Rosa germplasm,the early identification of disease resistance of Rosa germplasm resources can be carried out,and the Rosa germplasm resources with different disease resistance levels can be scientifically and efficiently screened,which provides a certain scientific theoretical basis for the introduction and development of new germplasm resources and the efficient screening of disease resistance of hybrid progenies.

关 键 词：蔷薇属 叶片超微结构 花瓣超微结构 月季抗病能力 蜡质含量 气孔密度 

分 类 号：S682[农业科学—观赏园艺]