重庆市轨道交通企业一线员工职业健康促进需求调查  

Investigation on Occupational Health Promotion Needs of Front-line Employees in Chongqing Rail Transit Enterprises

作　　者：汪运 蒋结梅 彭中全 徐一雷 张立 田平 Wang Yun;Jiang Jiemei;Peng Zhongquan;Xu Yilei;Zhang Li;Tian Ping(Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases,Chongqing,400060,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市职业病防治院,重庆400060

出　　处：《健康教育与健康促进》2022年第3期306-309,共4页Health Education and Health Promotion

基　　金：重庆市科卫联合医学科研项目(2020MSXM057)。

摘　　要：目的了解重庆市轨道交通企业一线员工的职业健康知识知晓和需求情况,为改善行业健康促进工作提供参考。方法采用整群抽样的方法,抽取重庆市某轨道交通企业的854名一线员工,以问卷调查形式开展职业卫生与健康知识认知、生活方式、职业卫生与健康知识的需求调查。结果员工对毒物进入人体途径的知晓率较高(87.6%),对职业病概念的知晓率较低(45.1%);对吸烟有害健康的知晓率较高(98.7%),对成年人正常血压范围的知晓率较低(39.6%)。不同性别、岗位和文化程度的员工对《职业病防治法》、毒物进入人体途径、成年人正常血压范围、高血压是否有症状、艾滋病传播途径等知识的知晓率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。进行规律性体育锻炼的员工有31.3%,口味偏咸和偏好油腻饮食的员工分别有35.2%和38.1%。职业卫生和健康知识需求列前三位的项目,员工的需求率均在90.0%以上。结论重庆市轨道交通企业一线员工对职业卫生和健康知识的知晓情况不均衡,需求度较高,不良生活方式有待改善。应采取健康促进和干预措施,促进员工的身心健康。Objective To understand the awareness and demand of occupational health knowledge of front-line employees in Chongqing rail transit enterprises,and to provide reference for improving the promotion of occupational health in the industry.Methods A total of 854 front-line employees of a rail transit enterprise in Chongqing were selected by cluster sampling,and the cognition of occupational health and health knowledge,lifestyle,occupational health and health knowledge demand were investigated in the form of questionnaire.Results The awareness rate of toxic substances entering human body was high(87.6%),and the awareness rate of occupational disease concept was low(45.1%).The awareness rate of smoking harmful to health was high(98.7%),and the awareness rate of normal blood pressure range of adults was low(39.6%).There were statistically significant differences in the awareness rate of employees of different gender,position and education level of the Law of The People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases,the ways in which poisons enter the human body,the normal blood pressure range of adults,whether hypertension has symptoms,and the transmission route of AIDS(P<0.05).A total of 31.3%of employees engaged in regular physical exercise,35.2%of employees with salty taste and 38.1%of employees with greasy diet respectively.For the projects with the top three demands for occupational health and health knowledge,the demand rate of employees is more than 90.0%.Conclusion The awareness of occupational health and health knowledge of front-line employees in Chongqing rail transit enterprises is uneven,the demand is high,and the bad lifestyle needs to be improved.Health promotion and intervention measures shall be taken to promote the physical and mental health of employees.

关 键 词：城市轨道交通 职业卫生 健康知识 健康需求 健康促进 

分 类 号：R132[医药卫生—劳动卫生]