黄河中下游湿地动态演变及影响因素分析  

Analysis of Wetland Dynamic Evolution and Influencing Factors in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yellow River

作　　者：王鸿翔 黄朴凡 郭文献 刘静航 WANG Hong-xiang;HUANG Pu-fan;GUO Wen-xian;LIU Jing-hang(School of Water Conservancy,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450045,China)

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学水利学院,河南郑州450045

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2022年第6期14-18,共5页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51679090,51609085,51779094);2016年度河南省高校科技创新人才支持计划(16HASTIT024);贵州省水利厅2020年度水利科技项目(KT202008)。

摘　　要：为探究黄河中下游湿地格局演变特征及其影响因素,选取黄河国家级自然湿地保护区内的典型区域三门峡至小浪底库区为研究区域,以1989、1997、2008、2018年四期卫星遥感影像为基础,结合黄河中下游重要水文控制站点小浪底站的水文变化对其进行系统分析。研究发现,黄河中下游典型区域湿地总面积在1989~2018年经历了“先减后增”两个阶段,但总体呈增长趋势;利用Mann-Kendall非参数统计检验法和小波分析法得到区域年降雨量于2006年发生突变,变化主周期为11年,年径流量于2010年发生突变,变化主周期为9年;利用相关分析得到年降雨量、年径流量与各类型湿地面积均呈正相关,但相关性较弱。In order to explore the characteristics and influencing factors of wetland pattern evolution in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, a typical area from Sanmenxia to Xiaolangdi reservoir area in the Yellow River National natural wetland reserve was selected as the research area. Based on the satellite remote sensing images of 1989, 1997, 2008 and 2018, the hydrological changes of Xiaolangdi station, an important hydrological control station in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, were systematically analyzed. The results show that the total wetland area in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River experienced two stages of "decrease first and then increase" from 1989 to 2018, but showed an overall upward trend. Using Mann-Kendall nonparametric statistical test and wavelet analysis method, it is found that the regional annual rainfall changed dramatically in 2006 and the main period of change is 11 years, while the annual runoff changed dramatically in 2010 and the main period of change is 9 years. The correlation analysis showed that the annual rainfall and annual runoff were positively correlated with the area of all types of wetlands, but the correlation was weak.

关 键 词：湿地演变 小浪底 降雨量 径流量 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TV11[水利工程—水文学及水资源]