食物交换份联合仿真食物模型在肝性脑病患者饮食指导中的应用效果  

Application eff ect of food exchange portion combined with simulated food model in dietary guidance on patients with hepatic encephalopathy

作　　者：王秋梅 徐永素 张国玉 黄仕明 王红 WANG Qiumei;XU Yongsu;ZHANG Guoyu;HUANG Shiming;WANG Hong(Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi,563000,China)

机构地区：[1]遵义医科大学附属医院消化内科,贵州省遵义市563000

出　　处：《护理实践与研究》2022年第15期2278-2281,共4页Nursing Practice and Research

基　　金：遵义市联合基金项目[编号:遵市科合社字(2018)105]。

摘　　要：目的探讨食物交换份联合仿真食物模型在肝性脑病患者饮食指导中的应用效果。方法选取2019年8月—2020年10月在医院消化内科接受治疗的68例肝性脑病患者为研究对象。按照组间基本特征具有可比性的原则分为对照组和观察组,每组34例。对照组采用常规药物治疗和饮食宣教,观察组在对照组的基础上,根据《国际肝性脑病和氮质代谢共识》、2016年欧洲临床营养和代谢学会(ESPEN)指南及患者病情计算出适合患者使用的含蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物等具体量化指标的饮食结构,确定满足患者治疗需要的饮食标准,再联合仿真食物模型进行饮食宣教,比较两组患者临床疗效。结果干预后,观察组患者有效率高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。血氨水平、门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、总胆红素等指标均低于对照组,血浆总蛋白、白蛋白水平均高于对照组,组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在肝性脑病患者的护理中,运用食物交换份联合仿真食物模型进行饮食管理教育,可以改善肝性脑病患者临床指标。Objective To explore the eff ect of food exchange portion combined with simulated food model in dietary guidance on patients with hepatic encephalopathy.Methods 68 patients with hepatic encephalopathy received treatment in the hospital's department of gastroenterology from August 2019 to October 2020 were selected as the study objects.According to the principle of comparability of basic characteristics between groups,they were divided into a control group and an observation group,with 34 cases in each group.The control group applied conventional drug therapy and diet mission,on the basis of the observation group in the control group,according to the"International Hepatic Encephalopathy and Nitrogen Metabolism Consensus",2016 European Society of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism(ESPEN)guidelines and calculated the suitable application for patients in take of protein,fat,carbohydrates,such as the specifi c quantitative indicators of diet,Dietary standards that meet the treatment needs of patients were determined,and then combined with simulated food model for dietary education,and the clinical effi cacy of the two groups of patients was compared.Results After intervention,the eff ective rate of observation group was higher than the control group,but the diff erence was not statistically signifi cant(P>0.05).Serum ammonia level,aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase and total bilirubin were lower than those in the control group,and plasma total protein and albumin levels were higher in the control group,with statistical signifi cance(P<0.05).Conclusion In the nursing of patients with hepatic encephalopathy,the use of food exchange portion combined with simulated food model could improve the clinical indicators of patients with hepatic encephalopathy.

关 键 词：食物交换份法 仿真食物模型 肝性脑病 饮食指导 肝功能 

分 类 号：R473.57[医药卫生—护理学]