含椭圆叶片状SiO_(2)/聚乙烯醇渗透汽化复合膜的制备与性能  

Preparation and properties of elliptic leaves SiO_(2)/polyvinyl alcohol pervaporation composite membranes

作　　者：吴玉萍 王乾廷 孙炜 周忠华 谢宗丽 宋铭雨 WU Yuping;WANG Qianting;SUN Wei;ZHOU Zhonghua;XIE Zongli;SONG Mingyu(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Fujian University of Technology,Fuzhou 350118,China;School of Ecological Environment and Urban Construction,Fujian University of Technology,Fuzhou 350118,China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials,College of Materials,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China;CSIRO Manufacturing,Private bag 10,Melbourne 3169,Australia)

机构地区：[1]福建工程学院材料科学与工程学院,福州350118 [2]福建工程学院生态环境与城市建设学院,福州350118 [3]厦门大学材料学院福建省特种先进材料重点实验室(厦门大学),厦门361005 [4]澳大利亚联邦科学与工业研究组织,墨尔本3169

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2022年第6期2783-2791,共9页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：福建省省属高校科研专项(JK2017030);福建省自然科学基金青年创新项目(2019J05114);福建省高校中青年项目(JAT190412)。

摘　　要：如何制备含形貌可控且高度分散无机纳米颗粒的高性能复合分离膜,是当前膜分离领域的研究热点和难点。本文采用溶胶-凝胶和溶液刮涂法将聚乙烯醇(PVA)、马来酸(MA)和SiO_(2)三者交联制备得到混合基质膜。通过SEM、FTIR、XRD对SiO_(2)/交联PVA混合基质膜进行结构表征,在50℃下对97wt%乙醇水溶液进行渗透汽化性能测试。结果表明,含椭圆叶片状SiO_(2)聚集体的SiO_(2)/交联PVA混合基质膜,椭圆叶片状SiO_(2)纳米颗粒聚集体可作为表面预筛选层,且在基体内高度分散,能够同时增加对醇水溶液的渗透通量和选择性。对97wt%乙醇水溶液的渗透通量和选择性分别高达0.072 kg·m^(−2)·h^(−1)和12301。分离性能提高的原因可能是由于该混合基质膜具有表面预筛功能和更致密的网络结构。该结果将促进纳米SiO_(2)/PVA复合材料的研究及该类材料在分离领域的应用。How to prepare high-performance separation membranes with morphology controlled and well-dispersed nanoparticles,has been a hotspot and difficulty in the field of membrane separation.Mixed matrix membranes were prepared by crosslinking polyvinyl alcohol(PVA),maleic acid(MA)and SiO_(2)via an aqueous sol-gel route and solution casting method.The membrane was characterized by SEM,FTIR,XRD and tested for its performance in pervaporation separation of ethanol/water mixtures with feed ethanol concentration of 97wt%at 50℃.Membrane characterization results reveal that SiO_(2)/crosslinked PVA membrane shows that elliptic leaves SiO_(2)nanoparticles cover the surface and act as a water prescreening layer,are well disperse within the polymer matrix.It results in a significantly enhanced effect in both flux and selectivity.The membranes achieve high water flux of 0.072 kg·m^(−2)·h^(−1) and separation factor of 12301 for separation of 97wt%ethanol aqueous solution.The enhanced membrane performance can be attributed to the surface prescreening ability and dense crosslinking membrane network.The research results would promote the study of SiO_(2)/PVA composite materials,and their application in the field of membrane separation.

关 键 词：渗透汽化 混合基质膜 SiO_(2) 聚乙烯醇 溶胶-凝胶法 

分 类 号：TQ028.4[化学工程]