基于DEA-Tobit模型对长三角地区港口物流效率及其影响因素的实证研究  

Empirical Study on the Evaluation of Port Logistics Efficiency and Influencing Factors in the Changjiang River Delta Region Based on the DEA-Tobit Model

作　　者：姚博鸿 谭春兰[1] 朱徐凯 王彬 YAO Bohong;TAN Chunlan;ZHU Xukai;WANG Bin(Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Yangshan Port Maritime Bureau,Shanghai 20130,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学,上海201306 [2]洋山港海事局,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋经济》2022年第1期21-31,共11页Marine Economy

摘　　要：为准确掌握当前长三角地区港口物流效率的运行状况,进而更好地促进该地区港口物流业发展提出针对性的对策和建议,选取2012—2018年面板数据,运用DEA模型和Malmquist指数对长三角地区港口竞争力排名前12的港口,从静态效率、动态效率两个角度进行港口物流效率分析评价,结果显示:从静态效率值来看,长三角地区港口物流效率在研究期间内提升较快,其中沿海港口效率值明显高于内陆港口,而效率增速低于内陆港口。从地理区域来看,长三角地区港口物流效率值也存在明显的地区性差异,效率值从北向南依次递增,效率增速从北向南依次递减;从动态效率值来看,长三角地区综合效率的提升多依赖于技术进步和技术利用效率,而在港口的管理力度上各地仍有一定的改进空间,并且长三角三大区域港口TFP值波动明显甚至有下降趋势,其中波动最为明显的地区是北部地区,中部地区和南部地区相比于北部地区较为稳定,但效率增长动力明显不足。运用Tobit模型对港口物流效率影响因素分析,结果显示:除了港口基础设施投入等内部因素外,对外贸易额、集疏运能力、信息化程度等外部因素对长三角地区港口效率也有显著影响。To grasp the status of the present condition in port logistics efficiency of the Changjiang River Delta region and then point out the targeted suggestions for port logistics efficiency in future, this article analyzes the port efficiency of the top twelve ports in the Changjiang River Delta region from the perspective of static efficiency and dynamic efficiency by using the DEA model and Malmquist index based on the2012-2018 panel data. The results show that: From the point of view of efficiency value, the comprehensive efficiency of port logistics in the Changjiang River Delta region has improved rapidly during the study period, but there are obvious regional differences, and the efficiency value increases from north to south, and the efficiency growth rate decreases from north to south;the dynamic efficiency value comes. It can be seen that the improvement of the comprehensive efficiency of the Changjiang River Delta region depends on technological progress and technology utilization efficiency, and there is still room for improvement in the management of ports in various regions, and the TFP value of the three major regions of the Changjiang River Delta fluctuates or even declines. Among them, the most volatile region is the northern region,and the central and southern regions are more stable than the northern region, but the efficiency growth momentum is obviously insufficient.Using the tobit model to analyze the factors influencing port logistics efficiency, the results show that in addition to internal factors such as port infrastructure investment, external factors such as foreign trade volume, shipping capacity, and informatization degree also have a significant impact on port efficiency in the Changjiang River Delta region.

关 键 词：长三角地区 港口物流 效率 DEA模型 MALMQUIST指数 

分 类 号：F12[经济管理—世界经济] F552.7